L-Carnitine Peptide

$45.00 – $111.00 Select options

L-Carnitine Peptide

Price range: $45.00 through $111.00

Research-grade L-Carnitine Peptide for laboratory investigation. For Research Use Only. Not for human use.

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COA L-Carnitine

For Research Use Only. Not for human use.

Overview

L-Carnitine Peptide is supplied as a research-grade catalog material for controlled laboratory investigation.

Laboratories choose this item when protocols need clear identification, consistent labeling, and documentation suitable for reproducible experimental workflows.

Catalog packaging and research-use labeling help purchasing and bench teams keep procurement records aligned with the physical vial.

Research Context for L-Carnitine Peptide

Work involving L-Carnitine Peptide typically focuses on in vitro systems, assay development, and mechanistic model studies.

Teams confirm lot details before setup so conditions stay traceable across repeats and collaborative sites.

Published literature can inform starting ranges for related experimental designs. Each laboratory should still validate performance with its own instruments, plates, and detection chemistry.

Pilot runs are useful before committing larger plate sets, especially when detection chemistry or incubation windows are being optimized.

Documented Attributes

Key catalog attributes for this material include:

Research-grade material intended for laboratory investigation only
Catalog labeling aligned with research procurement channels
Suitable for method development and comparative assay workflows
Documentation packages available where provided for the listed lot

Laboratory Handling Notes

Receiving and Identity Checks

Before opening a vial of L-Carnitine Peptide, confirm the physical label against the purchase order and packing list.

Retain outer packaging until identity checks are complete, and report damaged seals to purchasing before experimental work continues.

Reconstitution and Aliquoting

Handle this material according to institutional SOPs for weighing, reconstitution, aliquoting, and storage.

Record lot identifiers in laboratory notebooks before reconstitution. Verify solvent compatibility and storage temperature against your validated process.

Prepare assay buffers and consumables before opening the vial to reduce hold time. Keep unused aliquots labeled with date, solvent, and concentration for later repeats.

Chain of Custody

Keep chain-of-custody notes with inventory checks when material moves between freezers or benches.

Use dedicated spatulas and clean balances to avoid cross-contamination between catalog items. Schedule thaw cycles intentionally rather than repeated freeze-thaw of the same aliquot.

Secondary containment trays reduce spill risk during multi-step reconstitution. Cold-chain interruptions should be noted even when the vial remains sealed.

Why Laboratories Source L-Carnitine Peptide

Procurement and research teams often select this catalog item because it supports:

Clear research-use labeling for compliance-aligned purchasing
Consistent product identification across multi-lot studies
Fit for reference, screening, and mechanistic laboratory models
Straightforward catalog support for planning and documentation

Study Planning and Quality Documentation

Before starting experimental work with L-Carnitine Peptide, review any COA or quality files provided with the shipment.

Align your protocol with institutional research requirements and keep use within the labeled research context.

File catalog documentation with the study records at receipt. These steps help keep experiments comparable over time when using L-Carnitine Peptide in sequential study phases.

Method Development Tips

Method development often begins with small pilot plates before larger screening panels.

Document buffer lots, incubation times, and detection settings alongside the material lot number.

If results diverge from historical baselines, re-check reconstitution volume and storage history first. Shared equipment logs help explain variance when multiple operators run the same protocol.

Inventory and Training

Update digital inventory immediately after opening a new lot of L-Carnitine Peptide.

Training new staff on labeling conventions reduces mix-ups across similar catalog SKUs. When transferring methods between sites, share both the written SOP and the lot metadata package.

Dispose of residual solutions according to institutional chemical hygiene rules. Do not repurpose research materials for any non-laboratory application.

Periodic inventory reconciliation keeps expired or depleted lots from entering active workflows. For related catalog options, browse adjacent research categories on this site after confirming your assay needs.

For Research Use Only. Not for human or animal use. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Peptide Research

For Research Use Only. Not for human use.

PubMed (NIH/NLM) records related to this compound for laboratory literature review. Inclusion does not imply suitability for any use beyond controlled research. Each note below is a research-framed summary using compliance-safe wording.

Showing 1000 PubMed records. Displaying 10 per page.

Fielding R et al. (2018). L-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise [PMID: 29534031]
Laboratory literature summary: l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pekala J et al. (2011). L-carnitine–metabolic functions and meaning in research subjects life [PMID: 21561431]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine–metabolic functions and meaning in research subjects life. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Koeth RA et al. (2013). Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes… [PMID: 23563705]
Laboratory literature summary: Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wiseman LR et al. (1998). Propionyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 9534023]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Walter JH (1996). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 8758120]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Evans AM et al. (2003). Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine [PMID: 12908852]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Carillo MR et al. (2020). L-Carnitine in Drosophila: A Review [PMID: 33371457]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine in Drosophila: A Review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang ZY et al. (2018). L-Carnitine and heart disease [PMID: 29241711]
Laboratory literature summary: l-Carnitine and heart disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Traina G (2016). The neurobiology of acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 27100509]
Laboratory literature summary: The neurobiology of acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (2004). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 15557875]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Pereira FWL et al. (2021). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 34709300]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Hudson S et al. (2003). Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia [PMID: 12804452]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (1990). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 1971050]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Ahmad S (2001). L-carnitine in dialysis research subjects [PMID: 11422928]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in dialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gziut T et al. (2025). L-carnitine for valproic acid-induced toxicity [PMID: 39261302]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for valproic acid-induced toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alhasaniah AH (2023). L-carnitine: Nutrition, pathology, and health benefits [PMID: 36632072]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine: Nutrition, pathology, and health benefits. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Golper TA et al. (2003). L-carnitine investigation of anemia [PMID: 12751051]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine investigation of anemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vaziri-Harami R et al. (2022). Can l-carnitine reduce post-COVID-19 fatigue? [PMID: 34925826]
Laboratory literature summary: Can l-carnitine reduce post-COVID-19 fatigue?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (2005). Monograph. L-carnitine [PMID: 15771562]
Laboratory literature summary: Monograph. L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kamoen V et al. (2021). Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication [PMID: 34954832]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (1999). Acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 10608918]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (2010). Acetyl-L-carnitine. Monograph [PMID: 20359271]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine. Monograph. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Seccombe DW et al. (1982). L-carnitine for methylmalonicaciduria [PMID: 6129489]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for methylmalonicaciduria. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mateus FG et al. (2023). L-Carnitine and research models reproductive-biology research: Is Supplementation… [PMID: 37762736]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and research models reproductive-biology research: Is Supplementation Beneficial?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malaguarnera M (2013). Acetyl-L-carnitine in hepatic encephalopathy [PMID: 23389620]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in hepatic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Adeva-Andany MM et al. (2017). Significance of l-carnitine for research subjects health [PMID: 28653367]
Laboratory literature summary: Significance of l-carnitine for research subjects health. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sizova ZM et al. (2019). Significance of L-carnitine in internal medicine [PMID: 31090382]
Laboratory literature summary: Significance of L-carnitine in internal medicine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ntalianis A (2020). L-carnitine: to fuel or not to fuel the failing heart? [PMID: 32659261]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: to fuel or not to fuel the failing heart?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alto W (1987). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 3618457]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Sahebnasagh A et al. (2022). L-carnitine: Searching for New investigational Strategy for Sepsis Management [PMID: 34789120]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: Searching for New investigational Strategy for Sepsis Management. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Merchant R et al. (2010). L-carnitine in beta thalassemia [PMID: 19430074]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in beta thalassemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ferreira GC et al. (2017). L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain [PMID: 28508995]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sisi M et al. (2025). L-carnitine: new perspectives on the management of preterm infants [PMID: 40948868]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: new perspectives on the management of preterm infants. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Agarwal A et al. (2018). Role of L-carnitine in research models reproductive-biology research [PMID: 29373970]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of L-carnitine in research models reproductive-biology research. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
McCann MR et al. (2021). L-Carnitine and Acylcarnitines: Mitochondrial Biomarkers for Precision Medicine [PMID: 33466750]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and Acylcarnitines: Mitochondrial Biomarkers for Precision Medicine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Calò LA et al. (2012). L carnitine in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 22360675]
Laboratory literature summary: L carnitine in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Elantary R et al. (2024). Role of L-carnitine in Cardiovascular Health: Literature Review [PMID: 39329040]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of L-carnitine in Cardiovascular Health: Literature Review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fortin G (2011). L-Carnitine and intestinal inflammation [PMID: 21419279]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and intestinal inflammation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chen N et al. (2017). L-carnitine for cognitive enhancement in people without cognitive impairment [PMID: 28349514]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for cognitive enhancement in people without cognitive impairment. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Martí-Carvajal AJ et al. (2019). Acetyl-L-carnitine for research subjects with hepatic encephalopathy [PMID: 30610762]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine for research subjects with hepatic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pistorio E et al. (1996). [L-carnitine deficiency] [PMID: 9118623]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine deficiency]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kooshesh L et al. (2023). Evaluation of L-Carnitine Potential in Improvement of research models… [PMID: 37547570]
Laboratory literature summary: Evaluation of L-Carnitine Potential in Improvement of research models reproductive-biology research. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sarzi-Puttini P et al. (2021). Acetyl-L-carnitine in chronic pain: A narrative review [PMID: 34500063]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in chronic pain: A narrative review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Karlic H et al. (2004). Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense? [PMID: 15212755]
Laboratory literature summary: Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Amini L et al. (2021). L-carnitine versus Propranolol for pediatric migraine prophylaxis [PMID: 36213159]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine versus Propranolol for pediatric migraine prophylaxis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shen L et al. (2020). L-carnitine's role in KAATSU training- induced neuromuscular fatigue [PMID: 32006901]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine's role in KAATSU training- induced neuromuscular fatigue. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Toyama Y et al. (2022). L-carnitine rescue for neonatal intractable mitochondrial cardiomyopathy [PMID: 35412001]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine rescue for neonatal intractable mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kępka A et al. (2021). Potential Role of L-Carnitine in Autism Spectrum Disorder [PMID: 33805796]
Laboratory literature summary: Potential Role of L-Carnitine in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhao JV et al. (2022). L-carnitine, a friend or foe for cardiovascular disease? A Mendelian randomization study [PMID: 36045366]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine, a friend or foe for cardiovascular disease? A Mendelian randomization study. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Khaw SC et al. (2020). L-carnitine and l-acetylcarnitine supplementation for idiopathic research models… [PMID: 35128424]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine and l-acetylcarnitine supplementation for idiopathic research models reproductive-biology research. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Winchester JF (2000). L-carnitine and peritoneal dialysis [PMID: 10911661]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and peritoneal dialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Khalatbari-Soltani S et al. (2015). Inflammation and L-carnitine research protocol in hemodialysis research subjects: a review [PMID: 25446285]
Laboratory literature summary: Inflammation and L-carnitine research protocol in hemodialysis research subjects: a review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bazire P et al. (2019). Characterization of l-Carnitine Metabolism in Sinorhizobium meliloti [PMID: 30670548]
Laboratory literature summary: Characterization of l-Carnitine Metabolism in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Modak AK et al. (2022). L-Carnitine Supports the In Vitro Growth of Buffalo Oocytes [PMID: 35953946]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Supports the In Vitro Growth of Buffalo Oocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
White HL et al. (1990). Acetyl-L-carnitine as a precursor of acetylcholine [PMID: 2215852]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine as a precursor of acetylcholine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alshiekh-Nasany R et al. (2016). L-Carnitine for investigation of Pegasparaginase-Induced Hepatotoxicity [PMID: 26841296]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine for investigation of Pegasparaginase-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dinicolantonio JJ et al. (2014). L-carnitine for the investigation of acute myocardial infarction [PMID: 24762466]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for the investigation of acute myocardial infarction. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Okabayashi T et al. (2020). L-Carnitine Improves Postoperative Liver Function in Hepatectomized research subjects [PMID: 31599019]
Laboratory literature summary: l-Carnitine Improves Postoperative Liver Function in Hepatectomized research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang W et al. (2017). L-carnitine Derived Zwitterionic Betaine Materials [PMID: 29430301]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine Derived Zwitterionic Betaine Materials. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kuşcu B et al. (2023). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 36700268]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Sanamiri K et al. (2022). L-Carnitine improves follicular survival and function in ovarian grafts in the mouse [PMID: 35500571]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine improves follicular survival and function in ovarian grafts in the mouse. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Andreana I et al. (2022). L-Carnitine Functionalization to Increase Skeletal Muscle Tropism of PLGA Nanoparticles [PMID: 36613739]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Functionalization to Increase Skeletal Muscle Tropism of PLGA Nanoparticles. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mithun M et al. (2018). L-Carnitine as an additive in Tyrode's buffer during platelet storage [PMID: 29995655]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine as an additive in Tyrode's buffer during platelet storage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pescosolido N et al. (2008). The aging eye and the role of L-carnitine and its derivatives [PMID: 19105587]
Laboratory literature summary: The aging eye and the role of L-carnitine and its derivatives. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tani J et al. (2021). L-carnitine reduces hospital admissions in research subjects with hepatic encephalopathy [PMID: 32925502]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine reduces hospital admissions in research subjects with hepatic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nikbakht S et al. (2022). Assessment of L-carnitine effectiveness on carpal tunnel syndrome [PMID: 38011355]
Laboratory literature summary: Assessment of L-carnitine effectiveness on carpal tunnel syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cha YS (2008). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 18296364]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Kępka A et al. (2015). Urine L-carnitine excretion in hypertensive adolescents [PMID: 24578186]
Laboratory literature summary: Urine L-carnitine excretion in hypertensive adolescents. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Andrianova MS et al. (2018). CMOS-compatible biosensor for L-carnitine detection [PMID: 30098466]
Laboratory literature summary: CMOS-compatible biosensor for L-carnitine detection. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hülsmann WC (1991). Biochemical profile of propionyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 2031874]
Laboratory literature summary: Biochemical profile of propionyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zanelli SA et al. (2005). Mechanisms of ischemic neuroprotection by acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 16179519]
Laboratory literature summary: Mechanisms of ischemic neuroprotection by acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Steinman TI (2005). L-carnitine supplementation in dialysis research subjects: does the evidence justify… [PMID: 15663752]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in dialysis research subjects: does the evidence justify its use?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chiechio S et al. (2007). Acetyl-L-carnitine in neuropathic pain: experimental data [PMID: 17696591]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in neuropathic pain: experimental data. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kobayashi S et al. (2010). Acetyl-L-carnitine improves aged brain function [PMID: 20590847]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine improves aged brain function. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cerretelli P et al. (1990). L-carnitine supplementation in research subjects. The effects on physical performance [PMID: 2180829]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in research subjects. The effects on physical performance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Salehpour S et al. (2019). Effects of L-carnitine on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome [PMID: 31294953]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dropsy EP et al. (1984). Cholinesterase-catalyzed resolution of D,L-carnitine [PMID: 18553477]
Laboratory literature summary: Cholinesterase-catalyzed resolution of D,L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Koeth RA et al. (2019). L-Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in… [PMID: 30530985]
Laboratory literature summary: l-Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Seccombe DW et al. (1987). L-carnitine investigation in the hyperlipidemic rabbit [PMID: 3683188]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine investigation in the hyperlipidemic rabbit. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mostafa T et al. (2022). Seminal L-Carnitine In Infertile Oligoasthenoteratozoospermic research subjects with… [PMID: 36045882]
Laboratory literature summary: Seminal L-Carnitine In Infertile Oligoasthenoteratozoospermic research subjects with Varicocele. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ponomareva EV (2017). [The use of acetyl-L-carnitine in gerontological practice] [PMID: 28980618]
Laboratory literature summary: [The use of acetyl-L-carnitine in gerontological practice]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mitwalli AH et al. (2005). L-carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 18209454]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Karam KM et al. (2022). L-Carnitine effect on induced hyperlipidemia on premature rats: reproductive-biology… [PMID: 35186146]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine effect on induced hyperlipidemia on premature rats: reproductive-biology research profile. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bommer J (1999). Saving erythropoietin by administering L-carnitine? [PMID: 10570078]
Laboratory literature summary: Saving erythropoietin by administering L-carnitine?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jung H et al. (1990). L-carnitine uptake by Escherichia coli [PMID: 2266491]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine uptake by Escherichia coli. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arioz DT et al. (2015). L-Carnitine: a new insight into the pathogenesis of endometrial oncology research models [PMID: 25335471]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine: a new insight into the pathogenesis of endometrial oncology research models. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Davis PA et al. (2009). L-carnitine, inflammation and hypertension [PMID: 19356213]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine, inflammation and hypertension. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bigio B et al. (2024). The neuropsychopharmacology of acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC): basic, translational and… [PMID: 38169018]
Laboratory literature summary: The neuropsychopharmacology of acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC): basic, translational and investigational implications. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Vivo DC et al. (1998). L-carnitine supplementation in childhood epilepsy: current perspectives [PMID: 9821988]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in childhood epilepsy: current perspectives. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bayrak S et al. (2020). Antioxidant effect of acetyl-l-carnitine against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity [PMID: 32865065]
Laboratory literature summary: Antioxidant effect of acetyl-l-carnitine against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hassan SMA et al. (2022). Alleviation of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity by L-carnitine [PMID: 36033956]
Laboratory literature summary: Alleviation of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Reuter SE et al. (2008). L-carnitine supplementation in the dialysis population: are Australian research… [PMID: 18199095]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in the dialysis population: are Australian research subjects missing out?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kim CS et al. (1984). L-carnitine: investigational strategy for metabolic encephalopathy [PMID: 6478235]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: investigational strategy for metabolic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Day L et al. (2004). Acetyl-L-carnitine for the investigation of HIV lipoatrophy [PMID: 15591011]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine for the investigation of HIV lipoatrophy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sweeney JD et al. (2004). L-carnitine and its possible role in red cell and platelet storage [PMID: 14689378]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and its possible role in red cell and platelet storage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jennaro TS et al. (2020). Using l-Carnitine as a Pharmacologic Probe of the Interpatient and Metabolic… [PMID: 32688453]
Laboratory literature summary: Using l-Carnitine as a Pharmacologic Probe of the Interpatient and Metabolic Variability of Sepsis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (1999). Study on propionyl-L-carnitine in chronic heart failure [PMID: 10075143]
Laboratory literature summary: Study on propionyl-L-carnitine in chronic heart failure. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sweeney JD et al. (2000). L-carnitine decreases glycolysis in liquid-stored platelets [PMID: 11099658]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine decreases glycolysis in liquid-stored platelets. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jung H et al. (1993). Synthesis of L-carnitine by microorganisms and isolated enzymes [PMID: 8213309]
Laboratory literature summary: Synthesis of L-carnitine by microorganisms and isolated enzymes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Burlina AP et al. (1989). Uptake of acetyl-L-carnitine in the brain [PMID: 2747840]
Laboratory literature summary: Uptake of acetyl-L-carnitine in the brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kolodziejczyk J et al. (2011). L-Carnitine protects plasma components against oxidative alterations [PMID: 20869209]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine protects plasma components against oxidative alterations. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Furat C et al. (2018). L-carnitine on myocardial function after coronary artery bypass grafting [PMID: 32082707]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine on myocardial function after coronary artery bypass grafting. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yee J (2012). L-carnitine for anemia in hemodialysis research subjects: a last resort [PMID: 23085730]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for anemia in hemodialysis research subjects: a last resort. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Vecchi AF et al. (2011). [L-carnitine in peritoneal dialysis] [PMID: 21809308]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine in peritoneal dialysis]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Quatraro A et al. (1995). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 7744218]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Parisi S (2025). Unveiling the mechanistic synergy of palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl-L-carnitine in… [PMID: 40627331]
Laboratory literature summary: Unveiling the mechanistic synergy of palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl-L-carnitine in lumbosciatalgia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Thompson JE et al. (1996). MR in children with L-carnitine deficiency [PMID: 8883661]
Laboratory literature summary: MR in children with L-carnitine deficiency. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Morimoto N et al. (2021). Investigation with Laevo (L)-carnitine reverses the mitochondrial function of research… [PMID: 33070223]
Laboratory literature summary: investigation with Laevo (L)-carnitine reverses the mitochondrial function of research subjects embryos. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Durán JM et al. (2002). Functional characterization of intestinal L-carnitine transport [PMID: 11891565]
Laboratory literature summary: Functional characterization of intestinal L-carnitine transport. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Stephens FB et al. (2006). Insulin stimulates L-carnitine accumulation in research subjects skeletal muscle [PMID: 16368715]
Laboratory literature summary: Insulin stimulates L-carnitine accumulation in research subjects skeletal muscle. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Carland JE et al. (2013). Oleoyl-L-carnitine inhibits glycine transport by GlyT2 [PMID: 22978602]
Laboratory literature summary: Oleoyl-L-carnitine inhibits glycine transport by GlyT2. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
O'Connor JE et al. (1984). Protective effect of L-carnitine on hyperammonemia [PMID: 6692930]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine on hyperammonemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wasserstein AG (2013). L-carnitine supplementation in dialysis: investigation in quest of disease [PMID: 23173999]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in dialysis: investigation in quest of disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nateghian Z et al. (2023). L-Carnitine and Pentoxifylline Supplementation Improves Sperm Viability and Motility… [PMID: 36617205]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and Pentoxifylline Supplementation Improves Sperm Viability and Motility at Low Temperature. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ahmed MM et al. (2014). L-carnitine protects against testicular dysfunction caused by gamma irradiation in mice [PMID: 24925768]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine protects against testicular dysfunction caused by gamma irradiation in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Martinuzzi A et al. (1991). L-carnitine uptake in differentiating research subjects cultured muscle [PMID: 1958696]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine uptake in differentiating research subjects cultured muscle. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bain MA et al. (2006). Oral L-carnitine: metabolite formation and hemodialysis [PMID: 17073580]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral L-carnitine: metabolite formation and hemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Simone C et al. (1992). L-carnitine deficiency in AIDS research subjects [PMID: 1558717]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine deficiency in AIDS research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Roe CR et al. (1982). L-carnitine research protocol in propionicacidaemia [PMID: 6123699]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine research protocol in propionicacidaemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Martín-del Rincón JP et al. (2014). [L-carnitine in valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia] [PMID: 23017629]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine in valproic acid-induced hyperammonemia]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ditullio D et al. (1994). L-carnitine via enzyme-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution [PMID: 8000862]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine via enzyme-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bonomini M et al. (2011). L-carnitine is an osmotic agent suitable for peritoneal dialysis [PMID: 21525850]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine is an osmotic agent suitable for peritoneal dialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kraemer WJ et al. (2008). L-carnitine supplementation: influence upon physiological function [PMID: 18607224]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation: influence upon physiological function. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Karlic H et al. (2002). Dietary l-carnitine stimulates carnitine acyltransferases in the liver of aged rats [PMID: 11799139]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary l-carnitine stimulates carnitine acyltransferases in the liver of aged rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nakanishi H et al. (2015). L-carnitine Reduces Muscle Cramps in research subjects With Cirrhosis [PMID: 25496816]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine Reduces Muscle Cramps in research subjects With Cirrhosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Matera M et al. (2003). History of L-carnitine: implications for renal disease [PMID: 12563618]
Laboratory literature summary: History of L-carnitine: implications for renal disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Saluk-Juszczak J et al. (2010). L-carnitine modulates blood platelet oxidative stress [PMID: 20069352]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine modulates blood platelet oxidative stress. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Virji A (2019). Nutritional Supplementation: A Case for L-Carnitine [PMID: 29451837]
Laboratory literature summary: Nutritional Supplementation: A Case for L-Carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gülçin I (2006). Antioxidant and antiradical activities of L-carnitine [PMID: 16253281]
Laboratory literature summary: Antioxidant and antiradical activities of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Walter JH (2003). L-carnitine in inborn errors of metabolism: what is the evidence? [PMID: 12889659]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in inborn errors of metabolism: what is the evidence?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Andreozzi GM (2009). Propionyl l-carnitine: intermittent claudication and peripheral arterial disease [PMID: 19827991]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl l-carnitine: intermittent claudication and peripheral arterial disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ussher JR et al. (2013). Gut microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine and cardiovascular risk [PMID: 24267266]
Laboratory literature summary: Gut microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine and cardiovascular risk. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Szilágyi M (1998). L-carnitine as essential methylated compound in animal metabolism. An overview [PMID: 10526963]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine as essential methylated compound in animal metabolism. An overview. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ravikumar S et al. (2020). Effects of L-carnitine on the erythrocytes of stored research subjects blood [PMID: 31701585]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on the erythrocytes of stored research subjects blood. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fox LT et al. (2011). Topical and transdermal delivery of L-carnitine [PMID: 21832865]
Laboratory literature summary: Topical and transdermal delivery of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang Y et al. (2025). Protective effect of L-carnitine on cadmium induced neurotoxicity in rats [PMID: 40755524]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine on cadmium induced neurotoxicity in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Roe CR et al. (1984). L-carnitine research protocol in isovaleric acidemia [PMID: 6549017]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine research protocol in isovaleric acidemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deckert J (1997). Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication [PMID: 9191622]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Clark RH et al. (2017). Impact of l-carnitine supplementation on metabolic profiles in premature infants [PMID: 28079870]
Laboratory literature summary: Impact of l-carnitine supplementation on metabolic profiles in premature infants. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhai H et al. (2017). Natural zwitterionic l-Carnitine as efficient cryoprotectant for solvent-free cell… [PMID: 28499875]
Laboratory literature summary: Natural zwitterionic l-Carnitine as efficient cryoprotectant for solvent-free cell cryopreservation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
van Hinsbergh VW et al. (1991). Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on research subjects endothelial cells [PMID: 2031877]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on research subjects endothelial cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
DiNicolantonio JJ (2012). CoQ10 and L-carnitine for statin myalgia? [PMID: 23190071]
Laboratory literature summary: CoQ10 and L-carnitine for statin myalgia?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Moreira da Silva Guimarães S et al. (2018). Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure Reduces Plasma L-carnitine [PMID: 30268703]
Laboratory literature summary: Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure Reduces Plasma L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arenas J et al. (1998). Biological roles of L-carnitine in perinatal metabolism [PMID: 10102654]
Laboratory literature summary: Biological roles of L-carnitine in perinatal metabolism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kyvelidou C et al. (2016). L-Carnitine affects preimplantation embryo development toward reproductive-biology… [PMID: 27402869]
Laboratory literature summary: l-Carnitine affects preimplantation embryo development toward reproductive-biology research in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Aoun B et al. (2010). L-carnitine supplementation and EPO requirement in children on chronic hemodialysis [PMID: 19662438]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation and EPO requirement in children on chronic hemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Roger PM et al. (2023). L-Carnitine for immunological nonresponders to efficient antiretroviral research protocol [PMID: 37139657]
Laboratory literature summary: l-Carnitine for immunological nonresponders to efficient antiretroviral research protocol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
An JH et al. (2016). L-carnitine supplementation in hypothyroidism [Letter to the Editor] [PMID: 27580951]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in hypothyroidism [Letter to the Editor]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jiang WJ et al. (2019). L-carnitine prevents bovine oocyte aging and promotes subsequent embryonic development [PMID: 31474647]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine prevents bovine oocyte aging and promotes subsequent embryonic development. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Castorina M et al. (1994). Acetyl-L-carnitine affects aged brain receptorial system in rodents [PMID: 8164502]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine affects aged brain receptorial system in rodents. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wainwright MS et al. (2003). L-carnitine reduces brain injury after hypoxia-ischemia in newborn rats [PMID: 12904603]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine reduces brain injury after hypoxia-ischemia in newborn rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dunning KR et al. (2012). Promoting lipid utilization with l-carnitine to improve oocyte quality [PMID: 22917873]
Laboratory literature summary: Promoting lipid utilization with l-carnitine to improve oocyte quality. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mutomba MC et al. (2000). Regulation of the activity of caspases by L-carnitine and palmitoylcarnitine [PMID: 10922462]
Laboratory literature summary: Regulation of the activity of caspases by L-carnitine and palmitoylcarnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alesci S et al. (2004). L-Carnitine is a modulator of the glucocorticoid receptor alpha [PMID: 15265779]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine is a modulator of the glucocorticoid receptor alpha. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sun Y et al. (2015). L-Carnitine inhibits eryptosis induced by uremic serum and the related mechanisms [PMID: 26358151]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine inhibits eryptosis induced by uremic serum and the related mechanisms. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Eder K (2009). Influence of l-carnitine on metabolism and performance of sows [PMID: 19538826]
Laboratory literature summary: Influence of l-carnitine on metabolism and performance of sows. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alesci S et al. (2003). L-carnitine: A nutritional modulator of glucocorticoid receptor functions [PMID: 12824292]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: A nutritional modulator of glucocorticoid receptor functions. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jacob C et al. (1992). [L-carnitine: metabolism, functions and value in pathology] [PMID: 1296165]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine: metabolism, functions and value in pathology]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Merkel M et al. (2003). [L-carnitine and lipid lowering] [PMID: 12934176]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine and lipid lowering]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lilien MR et al. (2000). Oral L-carnitine does not decrease erythropoietin requirement in pediatric dialysis [PMID: 11095004]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral L-carnitine does not decrease erythropoietin requirement in pediatric dialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Stoppoloni D et al. (2013). L-carnitine enhances extracellular matrix synthesis in research subjects primary… [PMID: 22451022]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine enhances extracellular matrix synthesis in research subjects primary chondrocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Khakwani A et al. (2019). L-carnitine supplementation as a potential research protocol for suspected… [PMID: 31808457]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation as a potential research protocol for suspected hyperammonaemic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Park JM et al. (2021). Determination of L-Carnitine in Infant Powdered Milk Samples after Derivatization [PMID: 34291219]
Laboratory literature summary: Determination of L-Carnitine in Infant Powdered Milk Samples after Derivatization. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Labonia WD (1995). L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed research subjects studied with… [PMID: 7485128]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed research subjects studied with erythropoietin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hsieh C et al. (2017). Influence of L-Carnitine on Stored Rat Blood: A Study on Plasma [PMID: 28044994]
Laboratory literature summary: Influence of L-Carnitine on Stored Rat Blood: A Study on Plasma. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sorokin P (2011). [L-carnitine in infant formulas] [PMID: 22379871]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine in infant formulas]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Burrus BM et al. (2018). The Effect of Acute L-carnitine and Carbohydrate Intake on Cycling Performance [PMID: 29541331]
Laboratory literature summary: The Effect of Acute L-carnitine and Carbohydrate Intake on Cycling Performance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rebouche CJ et al. (1984). L-Carnitine dissimilation in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat [PMID: 6529558]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine dissimilation in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Di Stefano G et al. (2019). Acetyl-L-carnitine in painful peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review [PMID: 31118753]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in painful peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dhalla N et al. (2026). Metabolic research protocol for cardiovascular diseases with propionyl L-carnitine [PMID: 41762750]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolic research protocol for cardiovascular diseases with propionyl L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang X et al. (2021). Protective effect of L-carnitine on myocardial injury in rats with heatstroke [PMID: 33503219]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine on myocardial injury in rats with heatstroke. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Keene BW (1991). L-carnitine supplementation in the research protocol of canine dilated cardiomyopathy [PMID: 1949496]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in the research protocol of canine dilated cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sabri MR et al. (2012). Does L-carnitine improve endothelial function in hemodialysis research subjects? [PMID: 23626603]
Laboratory literature summary: Does L-carnitine improve endothelial function in hemodialysis research subjects?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Trappe SW et al. (1994). The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on performance during interval swimming [PMID: 8063466]
Laboratory literature summary: The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on performance during interval swimming. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pan SW et al. (2024). Creatine and L-carnitine attenuate muscular laminopathy in the LMNA mutation… [PMID: 38834813]
Laboratory literature summary: Creatine and L-carnitine attenuate muscular laminopathy in the LMNA mutation transgenic zebrafish. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lombardo P et al. (2004). Acetyl-L-carnitine induces a sustained potentiation of the afterhyperpolarization [PMID: 15350642]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine induces a sustained potentiation of the afterhyperpolarization. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chapela SP et al. (2009). Involvement of L-carnitine in cellular metabolism: beyond Acyl-CoA transport [PMID: 20205633]
Laboratory literature summary: Involvement of L-carnitine in cellular metabolism: beyond Acyl-CoA transport. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Stephens FB et al. (2007). Carbohydrate ingestion augments L-carnitine retention in research subjects [PMID: 17138832]
Laboratory literature summary: Carbohydrate ingestion augments L-carnitine retention in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lee H et al. (2018). Role of l-carnitine and oleate in myogenic differentiation: implications for myofiber… [PMID: 30149425]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of l-carnitine and oleate in myogenic differentiation: implications for myofiber regeneration. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mingorance C et al. (2011). Pharmacological effects and laboratory applications of propionyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 21521230]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacological effects and laboratory applications of propionyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Veselá E et al. (2001). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 11423752]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nakamura M et al. (2016). L-Carnitine Supplementation Improved Hepatic Steatosis After Pancreatectomy [PMID: 26863380]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Supplementation Improved Hepatic Steatosis After Pancreatectomy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shapira Y et al. (1993). Infantile idiopathic myopathic carnitine deficiency: investigation with L-carnitine [PMID: 8452598]
Laboratory literature summary: Infantile idiopathic myopathic carnitine deficiency: investigation with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rigault C et al. (2008). Characteristics of L-carnitine import into heart cells [PMID: 17967426]
Laboratory literature summary: Characteristics of L-carnitine import into heart cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kothari SS et al. (1998). L-carnitine in children with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy [PMID: 9583289]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in children with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
LoVecchio F et al. (2005). L-carnitine was safely administered in the setting of valproate toxicity [PMID: 15915405]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine was safely administered in the setting of valproate toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Silvério R et al. (2011). L-carnitine and oncology research models cachexia: laboratory and experimental aspects [PMID: 21475677]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine and oncology research models cachexia: laboratory and experimental aspects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Plioplys AV et al. (1993). L-carnitine as a investigation for Rett syndrome [PMID: 8272924]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine as a investigation for Rett syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Manoli I et al. (2004). Modulatory effects of L-carnitine on glucocorticoid receptor activity [PMID: 15591012]
Laboratory literature summary: Modulatory effects of L-carnitine on glucocorticoid receptor activity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ellaway C et al. (1999). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 10190267]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Pessotto P et al. (1994). The presence of L-carnitine in ocular tissues of the rabbit [PMID: 7714408]
Laboratory literature summary: The presence of L-carnitine in ocular tissues of the rabbit. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Plioplys AV et al. (1997). Amantadine and L-carnitine investigation of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome [PMID: 9018019]
Laboratory literature summary: Amantadine and L-carnitine investigation of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Derin A et al. (2004). The effects of L-carnitine on presbyacusis in the rat model [PMID: 15142068]
Laboratory literature summary: The effects of L-carnitine on presbyacusis in the rat model. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gorostiaga EM et al. (1989). Decrease in respiratory quotient during exercise following L-carnitine supplementation [PMID: 2674034]
Laboratory literature summary: Decrease in respiratory quotient during exercise following L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Leibetseder J (1995). [Effects of L-carnitine in poultry] [PMID: 8526737]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effects of L-carnitine in poultry]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Brevetti G et al. (1999). European multicenter study on propionyl-L-carnitine in intermittent claudication [PMID: 10551714]
Laboratory literature summary: European multicenter study on propionyl-L-carnitine in intermittent claudication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mister M et al. (2002). Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents renal function deterioration due to ischemia/reperfusion [PMID: 11849462]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents renal function deterioration due to ischemia/reperfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xue M et al. (2017). L-Carnitine Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction by Ischemic Insults Through Akt Signaling… [PMID: 28973678]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction by Ischemic Insults Through Akt Signaling Pathway. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tanner LM et al. (2008). Carnitine deficiency and L-carnitine supplementation in lysinuric protein intolerance [PMID: 18328359]
Laboratory literature summary: Carnitine deficiency and L-carnitine supplementation in lysinuric protein intolerance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deufel T (1990). Determination of L-carnitine in biological fluids and tissues [PMID: 2380667]
Laboratory literature summary: Determination of L-carnitine in biological fluids and tissues. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fornasini G et al. (2007). A pharmacokinetic model for L-carnitine in research subjects receiving haemodialysis [PMID: 17506778]
Laboratory literature summary: A pharmacokinetic model for L-carnitine in research subjects receiving haemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Moslemi Mehni N et al. (2014). Combination effect of Pentoxifylline and L-carnitine on idiopathic… [PMID: 25709639]
Laboratory literature summary: Combination effect of Pentoxifylline and L-carnitine on idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gómez-Amores L et al. (2007). L-carnitine attenuates oxidative stress in hypertensive rats [PMID: 17142029]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine attenuates oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sayed-Ahmed MM et al. (2001). L-carnitine prevents the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in… [PMID: 11529691]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine prevents the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gimenes AC et al. (2015). Effect of L-carnitine on exercise performance in research subjects with mitochondrial… [PMID: 25714882]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on exercise performance in research subjects with mitochondrial myopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sayed-Ahmed MM et al. (2001). Propionyl-L-carnitine as protector against adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy [PMID: 11419959]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine as protector against adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Post RM (2018). Myriad of implications of acetyl-l-carnitine deficits in depression [PMID: 30068605]
Laboratory literature summary: Myriad of implications of acetyl-l-carnitine deficits in depression. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yang K et al. (2020). Effect of L-carnitine on sperm quality during liquid storage of boar semen [PMID: 32054191]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on sperm quality during liquid storage of boar semen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lee J et al. (2023). A Combination of Soy Isoflavone and L-Carnitine Improves Running Endurance in Mice [PMID: 37686710]
Laboratory literature summary: A Combination of Soy Isoflavone and L-Carnitine Improves Running Endurance in Mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Suzuki Y et al. (1982). Effects of L-carnitine on arrhythmias during hemodialysis [PMID: 6178854]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on arrhythmias during hemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Namazi H et al. (2019). Simvastatin vs. L-Carnitine: An Experimental Study on Optimizing Nerve Repair [PMID: 31099885]
Laboratory literature summary: Simvastatin vs. L-Carnitine: An Experimental Study on Optimizing Nerve Repair. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malaguarnera M et al. (2008). Acetyl-L-carnitine investigation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy [PMID: 18357530]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine investigation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Thompson WG et al. (2013). Regarding L-carnitine and cardiovascular disease [PMID: 23910416]
Laboratory literature summary: Regarding L-carnitine and cardiovascular disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xue M et al. (2017). L-Carnitine Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction by Ischemic Insults Through Akt Signaling… [PMID: 29186614]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction by Ischemic Insults Through Akt Signaling Pathway. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bohan TP et al. (2001). Effect of L-carnitine investigation for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity [PMID: 11376200]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine investigation for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Basaki M et al. (2022). Artemisinin and l-carnitine combination research protocol alters the erythrocytes… [PMID: 35293664]
Laboratory literature summary: Artemisinin and l-carnitine combination research protocol alters the erythrocytes redox status. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tonda ME et al. (1992). N,N dimethylglycine and L-carnitine as performance enhancers in athletes [PMID: 1380344]
Laboratory literature summary: N,N dimethylglycine and L-carnitine as performance enhancers in athletes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jung H et al. (1990). L-carnitine metabolization and osmotic stress response in Escherichia coli [PMID: 2280345]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine metabolization and osmotic stress response in Escherichia coli. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vacante F et al. (2018). L-Carnitine: An Antioxidant Remedy for the Survival of Cardiomyocytes under… [PMID: 30622968]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine: An Antioxidant Remedy for the Survival of Cardiomyocytes under Hyperglycemic Condition. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jung K et al. (1987). Regulation of L-carnitine metabolism in Escherichia coli [PMID: 3305860]
Laboratory literature summary: Regulation of L-carnitine metabolism in Escherichia coli. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Virji A (2017). Potential Benefits of L-Carnitine as Dietary Supplement [PMID: 29431412]
Laboratory literature summary: Potential Benefits of L-Carnitine as Dietary Supplement. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chang B et al. (2005). L-carnitine inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis via protection of mitochondria [PMID: 15499623]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis via protection of mitochondria. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alqhtani HA (2025). Evaluation of L-carnitine's protective properties against AlCl3-induced brain, liver,… [PMID: 39854541]
Laboratory literature summary: Evaluation of L-carnitine's protective properties against AlCl3-induced brain, liver, and renal toxicity in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Naidu GS et al. (2001). Conversion of gamma-butyrobetaine to L-carnitine by Achromobacter cycloclast [PMID: 11494108]
Laboratory literature summary: Conversion of gamma-butyrobetaine to L-carnitine by Achromobacter cycloclast. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Berard E et al. (1995). L-carnitine in dialysed research subjects: the choice of exposure design regimen [PMID: 8847154]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in dialysed research subjects: the choice of exposure design regimen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Strack E et al. (1976). [L-carnitine as a basis of cholinomimetic substances] [PMID: 1086568]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine as a basis of cholinomimetic substances]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bonomini M et al. (2011). Pharmacological use of L-carnitine in uremic anemia: has its full potential been… [PMID: 21138768]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacological use of L-carnitine in uremic anemia: has its full potential been exploited?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rodríguez-Benítez P et al. (2000). L-Carnitine in dialysis, more than a commercial affair [PMID: 10978418]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine in dialysis, more than a commercial affair. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mohammed Awad A (2023). Effect of Supplementation of Diets with L-Carnitine and Methionin on Broiler Chicken… [PMID: 37312731]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of Supplementation of Diets with L-Carnitine and Methionin on Broiler Chicken Productive Performance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Aboubakr M et al. (2020). L-Carnitine and vitamin E ameliorate cardiotoxicity induced by tilmicosin in rats [PMID: 32329006]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and vitamin E ameliorate cardiotoxicity induced by tilmicosin in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pescosolido N et al. (2009). L-carnitine and short chain ester in tears from research subjects with dry eye [PMID: 19156017]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and short chain ester in tears from research subjects with dry eye. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fan JP et al. (2010). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 20946020]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Bykov IL et al. (2004). [Substantiation of the use of L-carnitine for the investigation of alcoholism] [PMID: 15559638]
Laboratory literature summary: [Substantiation of the use of L-carnitine for the investigation of alcoholism]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
DiPalma JR (1986). L-carnitine: its investigational potential [PMID: 3788753]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: its investigational potential. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li XF et al. (2021). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 34272348]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Carlson DB et al. (2007). Dietary L-carnitine affects periparturient nutrient metabolism and lactation in… [PMID: 17582127]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary L-carnitine affects periparturient nutrient metabolism and lactation in multiparous cows. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
MacLean A et al. (2021). Phosphate stress triggers the conversion of glycerol into l-carnitine in Pseudomonas… [PMID: 34562839]
Laboratory literature summary: Phosphate stress triggers the conversion of glycerol into l-carnitine in Pseudomonas fluorescens. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kasperek K et al. (2018). Effects of L-carnitine on morphology and cellular parameters of hen erythrocytes [PMID: 30605289]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on morphology and cellular parameters of hen erythrocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vital M et al. (2023). A small, polyphyletic group of Firmicutes synthesizes trimethylamine from l-carnitine [PMID: 38817809]
Laboratory literature summary: A small, polyphyletic group of Firmicutes synthesizes trimethylamine from l-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rajasekar P et al. (2007). Fructose-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis: effect of L-carnitine [PMID: 17239403]
Laboratory literature summary: Fructose-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis: effect of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Huang A et al. (2012). Role of supplementary L-carnitine in exercise and exercise recovery [PMID: 23075564]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of supplementary L-carnitine in exercise and exercise recovery. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
El-Beshlawy A et al. (2007). Effect of L-carnitine on the physical fitness of thalassemic research subjects [PMID: 17031691]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on the physical fitness of thalassemic research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Georges B et al. (2003). Beneficial effects of L-carnitine in myoblastic C2C12 cells. Interaction with zidovudine [PMID: 12732360]
Laboratory literature summary: Beneficial effects of L-carnitine in myoblastic C2C12 cells. Interaction with zidovudine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lenzi A et al. (1992). [Metabolism and action of L-carnitine: its possible role in sperm tail function] [PMID: 1509274]
Laboratory literature summary: [Metabolism and action of L-carnitine: its possible role in sperm tail function]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deon M et al. (2015). Protective effect of L-carnitine on Phenylalanine-induced DNA damage [PMID: 25600689]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine on Phenylalanine-induced DNA damage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Inoue N et al. (1994). Palmitoyl-L-carnitine modifies the function of vascular endothelium [PMID: 7509258]
Laboratory literature summary: Palmitoyl-L-carnitine modifies the function of vascular endothelium. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Grisolía S et al. (1984). L-carnitine and ammonia toxicity [PMID: 6509239]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and ammonia toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tanaka M et al. (2003). Role of acetyl-L-carnitine in the brain: revealed by Bioradiography [PMID: 12821151]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of acetyl-L-carnitine in the brain: revealed by Bioradiography. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deyhim MR et al. (2015). L-carnitine effectively improves the metabolism and quality of platelet concentrates… [PMID: 25399613]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine effectively improves the metabolism and quality of platelet concentrates during storage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sima AA (2007). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 17696589]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Czech E et al. (2004). The influence of L-carnitine on methanol biotransformation in rats [PMID: 15088638]
Laboratory literature summary: The influence of L-carnitine on methanol biotransformation in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bernal V et al. (2007). Production of L-carnitine by secondary metabolism of bacteria [PMID: 17910757]
Laboratory literature summary: Production of L-carnitine by secondary metabolism of bacteria. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mølstad P (1980). The efflux of L-carnitine from cells in culture (CCL 27) [PMID: 7370242]
Laboratory literature summary: The efflux of L-carnitine from cells in culture (CCL 27). Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nery IHAV et al. (2020). Effects of L-Carnitine on Equine Semen Quality During Liquid Storage [PMID: 32799560]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-Carnitine on Equine Semen Quality During Liquid Storage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Roe CR et al. (1984). L-carnitine enhances excretion of propionyl coenzyme A as propionylcarnitine in… [PMID: 6725560]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine enhances excretion of propionyl coenzyme A as propionylcarnitine in propionic acidemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Çavdarlı K et al. (2026). L-Carnitine Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Cortical Neurotoxicity via Glial and… [PMID: 41161726]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Cortical Neurotoxicity via Glial and Apoptotic Pathways. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Izgüt-Uysal VN et al. (2003). Effect of L-carnitine on carrageenan-induced inflammation in aged rats [PMID: 12920348]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on carrageenan-induced inflammation in aged rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mohammadi V et al. (2021). Effects of dietary L-carnitine on puberty indices in the young breeder rooster [PMID: 33898844]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of dietary L-carnitine on puberty indices in the young breeder rooster. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vecchiet L et al. (1990). Influence of L-carnitine administration on maximal physical exercise [PMID: 2127744]
Laboratory literature summary: Influence of L-carnitine administration on maximal physical exercise. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yalçin S et al. (2005). Use of L-carnitine and humate in laying quail diets [PMID: 16156131]
Laboratory literature summary: Use of L-carnitine and humate in laying quail diets. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sugino T et al. (2007). Effects of Citric Acid and l-Carnitine on Physical Fatigue [PMID: 18299720]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of Citric Acid and l-Carnitine on Physical Fatigue. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Winter S et al. (1995). The role of L-carnitine in pediatric cardiomyopathy [PMID: 8576569]
Laboratory literature summary: The role of L-carnitine in pediatric cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Salek F et al. (2025). Effects of L-Carnitine on the Developmental Competence of Bovine Oocytes [PMID: 40941373]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-Carnitine on the Developmental Competence of Bovine Oocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sayed-Ahmed MM et al. (1999). Reversal of doxorubicin-induced cardiac metabolic damage by L-carnitine [PMID: 10208759]
Laboratory literature summary: Reversal of doxorubicin-induced cardiac metabolic damage by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Eder K et al. (2001). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on performance parameters in gilts and sows [PMID: 11686775]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on performance parameters in gilts and sows. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Seccombe DW et al. (1986). L-carnitine investigation in glutaric aciduria type I [PMID: 3945396]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine investigation in glutaric aciduria type I. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Davis S et al. (1993). Acetyl-L-carnitine: behavioral, electrophysiological, and neurochemical effects [PMID: 8095700]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine: behavioral, electrophysiological, and neurochemical effects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marzo A et al. (1991). Protein binding of L-carnitine family components [PMID: 1820909]
Laboratory literature summary: Protein binding of L-carnitine family components. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Oyono-Enguelle S et al. (1988). Prolonged submaximal exercise and L-carnitine in research subjects [PMID: 3203675]
Laboratory literature summary: Prolonged submaximal exercise and L-carnitine in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Calvani M et al. (1998). L-carnitine esters as "soft", broad-spectrum antimicrobial amphiphiles [PMID: 9632355]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine esters as "soft", broad-spectrum antimicrobial amphiphiles. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kuka J et al. (2012). The cardioprotective effect of mildronate is diminished after co-investigation with… [PMID: 21903968]
Laboratory literature summary: The cardioprotective effect of mildronate is diminished after co-investigation with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Farrell S et al. (1986). Entry of acetyl-L-carnitine into biosynthetic pathways [PMID: 3081044]
Laboratory literature summary: Entry of acetyl-L-carnitine into biosynthetic pathways. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Najafi M et al. (2008). Antiarrhythmic and arrhythmogenic effects of L-carnitine in ischemia and reperfusion [PMID: 19145320]
Laboratory literature summary: Antiarrhythmic and arrhythmogenic effects of L-carnitine in ischemia and reperfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kidd MT et al. (2005). Breeder hen dietary L-carnitine affects progeny carcase traits [PMID: 15835258]
Laboratory literature summary: Breeder hen dietary L-carnitine affects progeny carcase traits. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bain MA et al. (2006). Disposition and metabolite kinetics of oral L-carnitine in research subjects [PMID: 16988205]
Laboratory literature summary: Disposition and metabolite kinetics of oral L-carnitine in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Soufir JC et al. (1981). Free L-carnitine in research subjects seminal plasma [PMID: 7263094]
Laboratory literature summary: Free L-carnitine in research subjects seminal plasma. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Míguez MP et al. (1998). Accentuation of paraquat-induced toxicity by L-carnitine in mice [PMID: 9699012]
Laboratory literature summary: Accentuation of paraquat-induced toxicity by L-carnitine in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sakurauchi Y et al. (1998). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 9708610]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Ghirardi O et al. (2005). Chemotherapy-induced allodinia: neuroprotective effect of acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 15875786]
Laboratory literature summary: Chemotherapy-induced allodinia: neuroprotective effect of acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Uysal N et al. (2005). Effect of L-carnitine on diabetogenic action of streptozotocin in rats [PMID: 16135998]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on diabetogenic action of streptozotocin in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rababa'h SY et al. (2019). Memory Impairment Induced by Chronic Psychosocial Stress Is Prevented by L-Carnitine [PMID: 31908419]
Laboratory literature summary: Memory Impairment Induced by Chronic Psychosocial Stress Is Prevented by L-Carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ishikura H et al. (1996). Valproic acid overdose and L-carnitine research protocol [PMID: 8837953]
Laboratory literature summary: Valproic acid overdose and L-carnitine research protocol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malaguarnera M et al. (2005). Effects of L-carnitine in research subjects with hepatic encephalopathy [PMID: 16437672]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine in research subjects with hepatic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shug A et al. (1991). Protective effects of propionyl-L-carnitine during ischemia and reperfusion [PMID: 2031875]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effects of propionyl-L-carnitine during ischemia and reperfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Harrell HL Jr (1990). L-carnitine for leg ulcers [PMID: 2382928]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for leg ulcers. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Adriani W et al. (2004). Acetyl-L-carnitine reduces impulsive behaviour in adolescent rats [PMID: 15138763]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine reduces impulsive behaviour in adolescent rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Johnson JA (1992). L-carnitine for investigation of distal ulcerative colitis [PMID: 1426898]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for investigation of distal ulcerative colitis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kavadias D et al. (1996). L-carnitine and erythropoietin requirements in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 8712214]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and erythropoietin requirements in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Brandsch C et al. (2003). Reproductive performance of rats supplemented with L-carnitine [PMID: 12864910]
Laboratory literature summary: Reproductive performance of rats supplemented with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Digiesi V et al. (1994). L-carnitine adjuvant research protocol in essential hypertension [PMID: 7924177]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine adjuvant research protocol in essential hypertension. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Calò LA et al. (2005). L-carnitine and erythropoiesis: relationship with haeme oxygenase-1 [PMID: 15956062]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and erythropoiesis: relationship with haeme oxygenase-1. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Forloni G et al. (1994). Neuroprotective activity of acetyl-L-carnitine: studies in vitro [PMID: 7908343]
Laboratory literature summary: Neuroprotective activity of acetyl-L-carnitine: studies in vitro. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
DeVivo DC (2002). Effect of L-carnitine investigation for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity [PMID: 11839873]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine investigation for valproate-induced hepatotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Turner LV et al. (2012). Is propionyl-L-carnitine research protocol effective in ulcerative colitis? [PMID: 22172085]
Laboratory literature summary: Is propionyl-L-carnitine research protocol effective in ulcerative colitis?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pettegrew JW et al. (2002). Acetyl-l-carnitine as a possible research protocol for neurodegeneration research… [PMID: 19810980]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine as a possible research protocol for neurodegeneration research models's disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
el Alaoui-Talibi Z et al. (1987). Decreased L-carnitine transport in mechanically overloaded rat hearts [PMID: 3663018]
Laboratory literature summary: Decreased L-carnitine transport in mechanically overloaded rat hearts. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rigault C et al. (2008). Changes in l-carnitine content of fish and meat during domestic cooking [PMID: 22062286]
Laboratory literature summary: Changes in l-carnitine content of fish and meat during domestic cooking. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kozink DM et al. (2004). Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on semen characteristics in boars [PMID: 15036959]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on semen characteristics in boars. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Toninello A et al. (1986). L-carnitine effect on halothane-studied mitochondria [PMID: 2946300]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine effect on halothane-studied mitochondria. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
DiNicolantonio JJ et al. (2013). In reply-regarding L-carnitine and cardiovascular disease [PMID: 23910417]
Laboratory literature summary: In reply-regarding L-carnitine and cardiovascular disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Elssner T et al. (1999). Metabolism of L(-)-carnitine by Enterobacteriaceae under aerobic conditions [PMID: 10339822]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolism of L(-)-carnitine by Enterobacteriaceae under aerobic conditions. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Birkenfeld C et al. (2006). L-carnitine supplementation of sows during developmental research context improves the… [PMID: 16923228]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation of sows during developmental research context improves the suckling behaviour of their offspring. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hanschmann H et al. (1996). Purification and properties of L(-)-carnitine dehydrogenase from Agrobacterium sp [PMID: 8645721]
Laboratory literature summary: Purification and properties of L(-)-carnitine dehydrogenase from Agrobacterium sp. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
El-Sherbini ES et al. (2017). Ameliorative effects of l-carnitine on rats raised on a diet supplemented with lead… [PMID: 28855839]
Laboratory literature summary: Ameliorative effects of l-carnitine on rats raised on a diet supplemented with lead acetate. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lowitt S et al. (1993). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 8325441]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Romigi A et al. (2019). Oral L-carnitine and developmental research context: real opportunity for narcoleptic… [PMID: 31879547]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral L-carnitine and developmental research context: real opportunity for narcoleptic research subjects?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vescovo G et al. (2005). Inflammation and perturbation of the l-carnitine system in heart failure [PMID: 16227137]
Laboratory literature summary: Inflammation and perturbation of the l-carnitine system in heart failure. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kim CS et al. (1991). Kinetic analysis of L-carnitine uptake by the choroid plexus [PMID: 1933300]
Laboratory literature summary: Kinetic analysis of L-carnitine uptake by the choroid plexus. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Iyer R et al. (1999). Does left ventricular function improve with L-carnitine after acute myocardial infarction? [PMID: 10734331]
Laboratory literature summary: Does left ventricular function improve with L-carnitine after acute myocardial infarction?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kanter M et al. (2010). Antiapoptotic effect of L-carnitine on testicular irradiation in rats [PMID: 20446105]
Laboratory literature summary: Antiapoptotic effect of L-carnitine on testicular irradiation in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kobayashi A et al. (1983). Effects of L-carnitine on ventricular arrhythmias after coronary reperfusion [PMID: 6854910]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on ventricular arrhythmias after coronary reperfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ferrari R et al. (1991). Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on mechanical function of isolated rabbit heart [PMID: 2031870]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on mechanical function of isolated rabbit heart. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Abbaticchio G et al. (1985). Free l-carnitine in research subjects semen [PMID: 3833070]
Laboratory literature summary: Free l-carnitine in research subjects semen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Schinetti ML et al. (1986). Effect of l-carnitine on research subjects neutrophil activity [PMID: 3023250]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of l-carnitine on research subjects neutrophil activity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chalmers RA et al. (1985). L-carnitine and glycine research protocol in isovaleric acidaemia [PMID: 3930869]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and glycine research protocol in isovaleric acidaemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Martinez E et al. (1993). Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine [PMID: 8429297]
Laboratory literature summary: Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Izgüt-Uysal VN et al. (2003). Effects of L-carnitine on neutrophil functions in aged rats [PMID: 12663132]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on neutrophil functions in aged rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Suzuki Y et al. (1981). Effect of L-carnitine on cardiac hemodynamics [PMID: 7230522]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on cardiac hemodynamics. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sheikh N et al. (2007). L-carnitine level in seminal plasma of fertile and infertile research subjects [PMID: 23343870]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine level in seminal plasma of fertile and infertile research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ghelardini C et al. (2002). Acetyl-l-carnitine induces muscarinic antinocieption in mice and rats [PMID: 12504925]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine induces muscarinic antinocieption in mice and rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chang KC et al. (2010). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 20678118]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Mayer G et al. (1989). L-carnitine substitution in research subjects on chronic hemodialysis [PMID: 2770943]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine substitution in research subjects on chronic hemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Radzhabkadiev RM et al. (2015). [L-carnitine: properties and perspectives for use in sports practice] [PMID: 26863801]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine: properties and perspectives for use in sports practice]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Feinfeld DA et al. (1996). Effect of oral L-carnitine on serum myoglobin in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 8820505]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of oral L-carnitine on serum myoglobin in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang YX et al. (2010). [L-carnitine: laboratory profile and effective for asthenozoospermia] [PMID: 20684322]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine: laboratory profile and effective for asthenozoospermia]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Elisaf M et al. (1998). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters in hemodialysis research… [PMID: 9730566]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid parameters in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cameron NE et al. (1997). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 9042596]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Matsuoka M et al. (1991). Suppression of neurotoxicity of ammonia by L-carnitine [PMID: 1817738]
Laboratory literature summary: Suppression of neurotoxicity of ammonia by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lee PJ et al. (1998). Improvement in exercise tolerance in isovaleric acidaemia with L-carnitine research… [PMID: 9584264]
Laboratory literature summary: Improvement in exercise tolerance in isovaleric acidaemia with L-carnitine research protocol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Waylan AT et al. (2005). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 16024700]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Seim H et al. (1980). [Metabolism of L-carnitine in enterobacteria] [PMID: 7210709]
Laboratory literature summary: [Metabolism of L-carnitine in enterobacteria]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Thangasamy T et al. (2009). L-carnitine mediates protection against DNA damage in lymphocytes of aged rats [PMID: 18629605]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine mediates protection against DNA damage in lymphocytes of aged rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bolukoglu H et al. (1991). Effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in chronically hypoperfused ("hibernating") myocardium [PMID: 1760516]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in chronically hypoperfused ("hibernating") myocardium. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alshabanah OA et al. (2010). Doxorubicin toxicity can be ameliorated during antioxidant L-carnitine supplementation [PMID: 21307642]
Laboratory literature summary: Doxorubicin toxicity can be ameliorated during antioxidant L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kelly JG et al. (1990). Pharmacokinetics of oral acetyl-L-carnitine in renal impairment [PMID: 2340852]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics of oral acetyl-L-carnitine in renal impairment. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Johansen L et al. (1979). Uptake of 3H-L-carnitine by isolated rat epididymal tubules [PMID: 485633]
Laboratory literature summary: Uptake of 3H-L-carnitine by isolated rat epididymal tubules. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Brady LJ et al. (1986). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 3713517]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Drago F et al. (1986). Behavioral effects of acetyl-l-carnitine in the research models rat [PMID: 3725841]
Laboratory literature summary: Behavioral effects of acetyl-l-carnitine in the research models rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Stradaioli G et al. (2004). Effect of L-carnitine administration on the seminal characteristics of… [PMID: 15226028]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine administration on the seminal characteristics of oligoasthenospermic stallions. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kudoh Y et al. (2013). Hemodynamic stabilizing effects of L-carnitine in chronic hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 24454315]
Laboratory literature summary: Hemodynamic stabilizing effects of L-carnitine in chronic hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ahmed SD et al. (2011). Role of L-carnitine in research models reproductive-biology research [PMID: 22355991]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of L-carnitine in research models reproductive-biology research. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wawrzeńczyk A et al. (2001). Transport of L-carnitine in isolated cerebral cortex neurons [PMID: 11277932]
Laboratory literature summary: Transport of L-carnitine in isolated cerebral cortex neurons. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tremblay GC et al. (1992). L-carnitine protects fish against acute ammonia toxicity [PMID: 1354111]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine protects fish against acute ammonia toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Famularo G et al. (1993). L-carnitine: a partner between immune response and lipid metabolism ? [PMID: 18475566]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: a partner between immune response and lipid metabolism ?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arduini A et al. (2004). Improvement of statin-associated myotoxicity by L-carnitine [PMID: 15613049]
Laboratory literature summary: Improvement of statin-associated myotoxicity by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rivero JL et al. (2002). Oral L-carnitine combined with training promotes changes in skeletal muscle [PMID: 12405699]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral L-carnitine combined with training promotes changes in skeletal muscle. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pola P et al. (1991). Rheological activity of propionyl L-carnitine [PMID: 1914846]
Laboratory literature summary: Rheological activity of propionyl L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mayatepek E et al. (1991). Long-term L-carnitine investigation in isovaleric acidemia [PMID: 2059255]
Laboratory literature summary: Long-term L-carnitine investigation in isovaleric acidemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mantovani LG et al. (1999). L-carnitine use in hemodialyzed research subjects [PMID: 10465727]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine use in hemodialyzed research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sugimoto T et al. (1990). Valproate-induced hepatoxicity: protective effect of L-carnitine supplementation [PMID: 2124297]
Laboratory literature summary: Valproate-induced hepatoxicity: protective effect of L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Juliet PA et al. (2005). Effect of L-carnitine on nucleic acid status of aged rat brain [PMID: 15589510]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on nucleic acid status of aged rat brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wanner C et al. (1989). Ketogenic and antiketogenic effects of L-carnitine in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 2636668]
Laboratory literature summary: Ketogenic and antiketogenic effects of L-carnitine in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Engemann C et al. (2001). Biotransformation of crotonobetaine to L(-)-carnitine in Proteus sp [PMID: 11409545]
Laboratory literature summary: Biotransformation of crotonobetaine to L(-)-carnitine in Proteus sp. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Musser RE et al. (1999). Effects of L-carnitine fed during lactation on sow and litter performance [PMID: 10641877]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine fed during lactation on sow and litter performance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
de Sousa C et al. (1986). The response to L-carnitine and glycine research protocol in isovaleric acidaemia [PMID: 3956533]
Laboratory literature summary: The response to L-carnitine and glycine research protocol in isovaleric acidaemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Derrick JP et al. (1989). L-carnitine acyltransferase in intact peroxisomes is inhibited by malonyl-CoA [PMID: 2590167]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine acyltransferase in intact peroxisomes is inhibited by malonyl-CoA. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xie J et al. (2006). The protective effect of L-carnitine on ischemia-reperfusion heart [PMID: 16850743]
Laboratory literature summary: The protective effect of L-carnitine on ischemia-reperfusion heart. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Romero-Falcón A et al. (2003). A case of valproate-associated hepatotoxicity studied with L-carnitine [PMID: 13678762]
Laboratory literature summary: A case of valproate-associated hepatotoxicity studied with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Izgüt-Uysal VN et al. (2004). Peritoneal macrophages function modulation by L-carnitine in aging rats [PMID: 15636457]
Laboratory literature summary: Peritoneal macrophages function modulation by L-carnitine in aging rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ferrari R et al. (1984). The metabolical effects of L-carnitine in angina pectoris [PMID: 6698646]
Laboratory literature summary: The metabolical effects of L-carnitine in angina pectoris. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bellinghieri G et al. (1990). L-carnitine and platelet aggregation in uremic research subjects subjected to hemodialysis [PMID: 2141109]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and platelet aggregation in uremic research subjects subjected to hemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lee G et al. (2020). Fermented Wild Ginseng by Rhizopus oligosporus Improved l-Carnitine and Ginsenoside… [PMID: 32365963]
Laboratory literature summary: Fermented Wild Ginseng by Rhizopus oligosporus Improved l-Carnitine and Ginsenoside Contents. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Augustyniak A et al. (2008). The Influence of L-Carnitine on Oxidative Modification of LDL In Vitro [PMID: 19696940]
Laboratory literature summary: The Influence of L-Carnitine on Oxidative Modification of LDL In Vitro. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mettang T et al. (1997). L-carnitine does not alleviate uremic pruritus in hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 9069470]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine does not alleviate uremic pruritus in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Achenbach H et al. (1989). [Secondary L-carnitine deficiency in chronic hemodialysis research subjects] [PMID: 2711712]
Laboratory literature summary: [Secondary L-carnitine deficiency in chronic hemodialysis research subjects]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Izgüt-Uysal VN et al. (2007). Effect of chronic stress and L-carnitine on rat stomach [PMID: 17547782]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of chronic stress and L-carnitine on rat stomach. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cederblad G et al. (1971). Excretion of L-carnitine in man [PMID: 5097994]
Laboratory literature summary: Excretion of L-carnitine in man. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nutrients Editorial Office (2018). Erratum: l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise; Nutrients 2018, 10, 349 [PMID: 29701693]
Laboratory literature summary: Erratum: l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise; Nutrients 2018, 10, 349. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Iyer RN et al. (2000). L-carnitine moderately improves the exercise tolerance in chronic stable angina [PMID: 11310378]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine moderately improves the exercise tolerance in chronic stable angina. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fazekas T et al. (1986). Effects of L-carnitine in acute myocardial ischaemia [PMID: 3739743]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine in acute myocardial ischaemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gilbert RJ et al. (1983). Bromoacetyl-L-carnitine: biochemical and antitrypanosomal actions against Trypanosoma… [PMID: 6651867]
Laboratory literature summary: Bromoacetyl-L-carnitine: biochemical and antitrypanosomal actions against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pasini E et al. (1992). Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on experimental induced cardiomyopathy in rats [PMID: 1298298]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on experimental induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Todesco L et al. (2009). Interaction between pivaloylcarnitine and L-carnitine transport into L6 cells… [PMID: 19539806]
Laboratory literature summary: Interaction between pivaloylcarnitine and L-carnitine transport into L6 cells overexpressing hOCTN2. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Binienda Z et al. (2005). L-carnitine and neuroprotection in the animal model of mitochondrial dysfunction [PMID: 16179521]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and neuroprotection in the animal model of mitochondrial dysfunction. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Keskin S et al. (1997). Could L-carnitine be an acute energy inducer in catabolic conditions? [PMID: 9112966]
Laboratory literature summary: Could L-carnitine be an acute energy inducer in catabolic conditions?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Binienda ZK (2003). Neuroprotective effects of L-carnitine in induced mitochondrial dysfunction [PMID: 12853320]
Laboratory literature summary: Neuroprotective effects of L-carnitine in induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sun LL et al. (2018). [L-carnitine improves sperm acrosin activity in research models reproductive-biology… [PMID: 32212483]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine improves sperm acrosin activity in research models reproductive-biology research research subjects]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jing L et al. (2008). [L-carnitine and cardiac metabolism and remodeling indices in alcoholic cardiomyopathy] [PMID: 19080238]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine and cardiac metabolism and remodeling indices in alcoholic cardiomyopathy]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Murakami K et al. (1996). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on acute valproate intoxication [PMID: 8681902]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on acute valproate intoxication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Seccombe DW et al. (1976). Automated method for L-carnitine determination [PMID: 975501]
Laboratory literature summary: Automated method for L-carnitine determination. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alecci E (1993). [L-carnitine: from natural substance to endogenous drug] [PMID: 8258269]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine: from natural substance to endogenous drug]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Johnson JA (1993). L-carnitine for investigation of nonspecific proctosigmoiditis [PMID: 8482174]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine for investigation of nonspecific proctosigmoiditis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nakagawa T et al. (1994). The effect of L-carnitine on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia followed by… [PMID: 8016834]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of L-carnitine on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia followed by reperfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Czeczot H et al. (2005). [Role of L-carnitine in metabolism, nutrition and research protocol] [PMID: 15761381]
Laboratory literature summary: [Role of L-carnitine in metabolism, nutrition and research protocol]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rosenthal AF (2003). L-carnitine can be measured accurately–and cost-effectively [PMID: 12847956]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine can be measured accurately–and cost-effectively. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yeşilipek MA et al. (1998). L-Carnitine investigation in beta thalassemia major [PMID: 9858797]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine investigation in beta thalassemia major. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Casciani CU et al. (1982). L-carnitine in haemodialysed research subjects. Changes in lipid pattern [PMID: 7200788]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in haemodialysed research subjects. Changes in lipid pattern. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Varela A et al. (1995). Effects of L-carnitine on the hypoxic atria from fed and fasted rats [PMID: 8907434]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on the hypoxic atria from fed and fasted rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Labonia WD et al. (1987). Effects of L-carnitine on sodium transport in erythrocytes from dialyzed uremic… [PMID: 2448515]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on sodium transport in erythrocytes from dialyzed uremic research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Paulson DJ et al. (1984). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 6708820]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Joeres U et al. (1994). Purification and characterisation of a microbial L-carnitine amidase [PMID: 7764422]
Laboratory literature summary: Purification and characterisation of a microbial L-carnitine amidase. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lee TK et al. (2018). The use of fermented buckwheat to produce L-carnitine enriched oyster mushroom [PMID: 30151668]
Laboratory literature summary: The use of fermented buckwheat to produce L-carnitine enriched oyster mushroom. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rigault C et al. (2008). Extracellular ATP increases L-carnitine transport and content in C2C12 cells [PMID: 18230920]
Laboratory literature summary: Extracellular ATP increases L-carnitine transport and content in C2C12 cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Peebles ED et al. (2007). Effects of breeder hen age and dietary L-carnitine on progeny embryogenesis [PMID: 17578692]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of breeder hen age and dietary L-carnitine on progeny embryogenesis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
LaCount DW et al. (1996). Ruminal degradation and exposure level response of dairy cows to dietary L-carnitine [PMID: 8708087]
Laboratory literature summary: Ruminal degradation and exposure level response of dairy cows to dietary L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhai W et al. (2007). The effect of dietary L-carnitine on semen traits of White Leghorns [PMID: 17878454]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of dietary L-carnitine on semen traits of White Leghorns. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rabie MH et al. (1997). Influence of dietary L-carnitine on performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens [PMID: 9404546]
Laboratory literature summary: Influence of dietary L-carnitine on performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nagao B et al. (1987). Effects of L-carnitine on phospholipids in the ischemic myocardium [PMID: 3599411]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on phospholipids in the ischemic myocardium. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Heller W et al. (1986). [Effect of L-carnitine on post-stress metabolism in surgical research subjects] [PMID: 3102372]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effect of L-carnitine on post-stress metabolism in surgical research subjects]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wolff J et al. (1971). [Toxicity of L(-)-carnitine and various 0-acylcarnitines] [PMID: 5153312]
Laboratory literature summary: [Toxicity of L(-)-carnitine and various 0-acylcarnitines]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bacurau RF et al. (2003). Does exercise training interfere with the effects of L-carnitine supplementation? [PMID: 12679168]
Laboratory literature summary: Does exercise training interfere with the effects of L-carnitine supplementation?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Melegh B et al. (1990). Feeding preterm infants with L-carnitine supplemented formula [PMID: 2107830]
Laboratory literature summary: Feeding preterm infants with L-carnitine supplemented formula. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dhalla NS et al. (1991). Effects of some L-carnitine derivatives on heart membrane ATPases [PMID: 1851632]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of some L-carnitine derivatives on heart membrane ATPases. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Casciani CU et al. (1980). Effect of L-carnitine on lipid pattern in haemodialysis [PMID: 6108486]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on lipid pattern in haemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
McCarty MF (2013). L-carnitine consumption, its metabolism by intestinal microbiota, and cardiovascular… [PMID: 23910406]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine consumption, its metabolism by intestinal microbiota, and cardiovascular health. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shaikh J et al. (2025). Enhancing research models reproductive-biology research Through Nutrition: The Role of… [PMID: 40511027]
Laboratory literature summary: Enhancing research models reproductive-biology research Through Nutrition: The Role of L-Carnitine in Asthenozoospermic research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
McLoughlin LM et al. (2004). L-carnitine in cyclical vomiting syndrome [PMID: 15557068]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in cyclical vomiting syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ozasa H et al. (2014). Trimethylamine generation in research subjects receiving hemodialysis studied with… [PMID: 25852904]
Laboratory literature summary: Trimethylamine generation in research subjects receiving hemodialysis studied with l-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
del Olmo JA et al. (1990). Effect of L-carnitine upon ammonia tolerance test in cirrhotic research subjects [PMID: 2103687]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine upon ammonia tolerance test in cirrhotic research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mendes GD et al. (2016). Assessment of pharmacokinetic interaction between piracetam and l-carnitine in healthy… [PMID: 26248695]
Laboratory literature summary: Assessment of pharmacokinetic interaction between piracetam and l-carnitine in healthy subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kobayashi A et al. (1989). Effects of L-carnitine and palmitoylcarnitine on membrane fluidity of research… [PMID: 2554984]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine and palmitoylcarnitine on membrane fluidity of research subjects erythrocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Balogh D et al. (1986). [Experiences with L-carnitine in the post-stress phase] [PMID: 3100446]
Laboratory literature summary: [Experiences with L-carnitine in the post-stress phase]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Faissat L et al. (2003). New nitrogen mustards structurally related to (L)-carnitine [PMID: 12517428]
Laboratory literature summary: New nitrogen mustards structurally related to (L)-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rizk YS et al. (2019). Response of duck breeders to dietary L-Carnitine supplementation during summer season [PMID: 31644644]
Laboratory literature summary: Response of duck breeders to dietary L-Carnitine supplementation during summer season. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Krähenbühl S (1998). [Physiologic bases for the use of L-carnitine in cardiology] [PMID: 9522639]
Laboratory literature summary: [Physiologic bases for the use of L-carnitine in cardiology]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
O'Connor JE et al. (1984). Prevention of ammonia toxicity by L-carnitine: metabolic changes in brain [PMID: 6462327]
Laboratory literature summary: Prevention of ammonia toxicity by L-carnitine: metabolic changes in brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shang X et al. (2004). [Initial observation on L-carnitine for asthenospermia with epididymal knob] [PMID: 15497707]
Laboratory literature summary: [Initial observation on L-carnitine for asthenospermia with epididymal knob]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Najafi M et al. (2014). Short term administration of L-carnitine can be detrimental to the ischemic heart [PMID: 24409402]
Laboratory literature summary: Short term administration of L-carnitine can be detrimental to the ischemic heart. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gidal BE et al. (1997). Diet- and valproate-induced transient hyperammonemia: effect of L-carnitine [PMID: 9258962]
Laboratory literature summary: Diet- and valproate-induced transient hyperammonemia: effect of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sevilla A et al. (2007). Impairing and monitoring glucose catabolite repression in L-carnitine biosynthesis [PMID: 18062670]
Laboratory literature summary: Impairing and monitoring glucose catabolite repression in L-carnitine biosynthesis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
LaCount DW et al. (1995). Responses of dairy cows during early lactation to ruminal or abomasal administration… [PMID: 8786266]
Laboratory literature summary: Responses of dairy cows during early lactation to ruminal or abomasal administration of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rampello L et al. (1992). Trophic action of acetyl-L-carnitine in neuronal cultures [PMID: 1580200]
Laboratory literature summary: Trophic action of acetyl-L-carnitine in neuronal cultures. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Corbucci GG et al. (1993). L-carnitine in cardiogenic shock research protocol: pharmacodynamic aspects and… [PMID: 8354594]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in cardiogenic shock research protocol: pharmacodynamic aspects and laboratory data. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mazzilli F et al. (1999). [Intra-spermatic L-carnitine and survival of sperm motility] [PMID: 10379149]
Laboratory literature summary: [Intra-spermatic L-carnitine and survival of sperm motility]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Birkenfeld C et al. (2006). Nutrient composition and concentrations of immunoglobulins in milk of sows… [PMID: 16921930]
Laboratory literature summary: Nutrient composition and concentrations of immunoglobulins in milk of sows supplemented with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hoefer ME et al. (2006). Effects of terguride, ropinirole, and acetyl-L-carnitine on methamphetamine withdrawal… [PMID: 16647107]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of terguride, ropinirole, and acetyl-L-carnitine on methamphetamine withdrawal in the rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lolic MM et al. (1997). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 9174521]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Markowska AL et al. (1990). Dietary acetyl-L-carnitine improves spatial behaviour of old rats [PMID: 2387664]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary acetyl-L-carnitine improves spatial behaviour of old rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Emmrich J et al. (1985). [Stimulation of leukocyte migration by L-carnitine] [PMID: 2414165]
Laboratory literature summary: [Stimulation of leukocyte migration by L-carnitine]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kühn HJ (1981). [Determination of L-carnitine in serum] [PMID: 7234064]
Laboratory literature summary: [Determination of L-carnitine in serum]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Feily A et al. (2009). L-carnitine: a potential investigation for hyper-IgE syndrome [PMID: 19357631]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: a potential investigation for hyper-IgE syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zilleruelo G et al. (1989). Effect of dialysate composition on the lipid response to L-carnitine supplementation [PMID: 2699997]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of dialysate composition on the lipid response to L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sloan RS et al. (1998). Quality of life during and between hemodialysis experimental regimens: role of L-carnitine… [PMID: 9708611]
Laboratory literature summary: Quality of life during and between hemodialysis experimental regimens: role of L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bella R et al. (1990). Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on geriatric research subjects suffering from dysthymic… [PMID: 2099360]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on geriatric research subjects suffering from dysthymic disorders. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Colón-Soto M et al. (2006). Systemic lupus erythematosus after mesotherapy with acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 17023815]
Laboratory literature summary: Systemic lupus erythematosus after mesotherapy with acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kraemer WJ et al. (2006). Androgenic responses to resistance exercise: effects of feeding and L-carnitine [PMID: 16826026]
Laboratory literature summary: Androgenic responses to resistance exercise: effects of feeding and L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deshmukh DR et al. (1988). Failure of L-carnitine to protect mice against ammonia toxicity [PMID: 3355710]
Laboratory literature summary: Failure of L-carnitine to protect mice against ammonia toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Simone C et al. (1982). Vitamins and immunity: II. Influence of L-carnitine on the immune system [PMID: 6214931]
Laboratory literature summary: Vitamins and immunity: II. Influence of L-carnitine on the immune system. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cánovas M et al. (2006). Role of energetic coenzyme pools in the production of L-carnitine by Escherichia coli [PMID: 16904359]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of energetic coenzyme pools in the production of L-carnitine by Escherichia coli. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wittek T et al. (2004). [Concentrations of L-carnitine and parameters of lipid metabolism during estrus in… [PMID: 15171598]
Laboratory literature summary: [Concentrations of L-carnitine and parameters of lipid metabolism during estrus in broodmares]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Paterna S et al. (1984). Effects of L-carnitine on adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy in rabbit [PMID: 6715123]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy in rabbit. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Simone R et al. (1991). Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on forebrain cholinergic neurons of developing rats [PMID: 1849696]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on forebrain cholinergic neurons of developing rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Décombaz JE et al. (1990). Effect of L-carnitine and stimulated lipolysis on muscle substrates in the exercising rat [PMID: 2347394]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine and stimulated lipolysis on muscle substrates in the exercising rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ortega R et al. (1989). [Levels of L-carnitine in the Venezuelan infant population] [PMID: 2619918]
Laboratory literature summary: [Levels of L-carnitine in the Venezuelan infant population]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rossetto M (1993). [Does L-carnitine really not work?] [PMID: 8342010]
Laboratory literature summary: [Does L-carnitine really not work?]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Corbucci GG et al. (1991). Cardiogenic shock and L-carnitine: laboratory data and investigational perspectives [PMID: 1823086]
Laboratory literature summary: Cardiogenic shock and L-carnitine: laboratory data and investigational perspectives. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Evcimen H et al. (2007). Psychosis Precipitated by Acetyl-l-Carnitine in a research subjects With Bipolar Disorder [PMID: 17599177]
Laboratory literature summary: Psychosis Precipitated by Acetyl-l-Carnitine in a research subjects With Bipolar Disorder. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deana R et al. (1988). Effect of L-carnitine on motility and acrosome reaction of research subjects spermatozoa [PMID: 3245711]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on motility and acrosome reaction of research subjects spermatozoa. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Pasquale B et al. (1990). [L-carnitine for the investigation of acute myocardial infarct] [PMID: 2088604]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine for the investigation of acute myocardial infarct]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kendall RV (1994). Comment: N,N-dimethylglycine and L-carnitine as performance enhancers in athletes [PMID: 7524818]
Laboratory literature summary: Comment: N,N-dimethylglycine and L-carnitine as performance enhancers in athletes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wanner C et al. (1990). Effective hypolipidaemic research protocol with beclobrate in haemodialysis research… [PMID: 23275992]
Laboratory literature summary: Effective hypolipidaemic research protocol with beclobrate in haemodialysis research subjects: interference with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arduini A et al. (2006). Effect of L-carnitine administration on erythrocyte survival in haemodialysis research… [PMID: 16611680]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine administration on erythrocyte survival in haemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jung J et al. (2008). A case of hemoperfusion and L-carnitine management in valproic acid overdose [PMID: 18358983]
Laboratory literature summary: A case of hemoperfusion and L-carnitine management in valproic acid overdose. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chan YC et al. (2007). Two cases of valproic acid poisoning studied with L-carnitine [PMID: 18375641]
Laboratory literature summary: Two cases of valproic acid poisoning studied with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arima J et al. (2010). Biochemical characterization of L-carnitine dehydrogenases from Rhizobium sp. and… [PMID: 20530902]
Laboratory literature summary: Biochemical characterization of L-carnitine dehydrogenases from Rhizobium sp. and Xanthomonas translucens. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fedotova AV et al. (2013). [L-carnitine investigation research subjects with chronic cerebral ischemia] [PMID: 23739503]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine investigation research subjects with chronic cerebral ischemia]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Holmes HC et al. (1997). Choline and L-carnitine as precursors of trimethylamine [PMID: 9056994]
Laboratory literature summary: Choline and L-carnitine as precursors of trimethylamine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
O'Connor JE et al. (1987). The potentiation of ammonia toxicity by sodium benzoate is prevented by L-carnitine [PMID: 3593373]
Laboratory literature summary: The potentiation of ammonia toxicity by sodium benzoate is prevented by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
van Es A et al. (1992). Amelioration of cardiac function by L-carnitine administration in research subjects on… [PMID: 1493731]
Laboratory literature summary: Amelioration of cardiac function by L-carnitine administration in research subjects on haemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Záruba J et al. (1994). L-carnitine improves vascular refilling in haemodialysis research subjects during… [PMID: 8090349]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine improves vascular refilling in haemodialysis research subjects during ultrafiltration. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Schlenzig JS et al. (1995). L-carnitine: a way to decrease cellular toxicity of ifosfamide? [PMID: 7588975]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: a way to decrease cellular toxicity of ifosfamide?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tune BM (1995). Effects of L-carnitine on the renal tubular transport of cephaloridine [PMID: 7646563]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on the renal tubular transport of cephaloridine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vassiliadis S et al. (2011). A "conditionally essential" nutrient, L-carnitine, as a primary suspect in endometriosis [PMID: 21620396]
Laboratory literature summary: A "conditionally essential" nutrient, L-carnitine, as a primary suspect in endometriosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Canovas M et al. (2002). Modeling of the biotransformation of crotonobetaine into L-(-)-carnitine by… [PMID: 11835137]
Laboratory literature summary: Modeling of the biotransformation of crotonobetaine into L-(-)-carnitine by Escherichia coli strains. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bouvier G (2002). Nutrition. L-carnitine for the investigation of hypertriglyceridemia in HIV [PMID: 11833448]
Laboratory literature summary: Nutrition. L-carnitine for the investigation of hypertriglyceridemia in HIV. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Janssens GP et al. (1998). The reduction of heat production in exercising pigeons after L-carnitine supplementation [PMID: 9565242]
Laboratory literature summary: The reduction of heat production in exercising pigeons after L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vincenti E et al. (1987). L-carnitine decreases the recovery time following halothane anesthesia in rats [PMID: 3661862]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine decreases the recovery time following halothane anesthesia in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Azzadin A et al. (1999). L-Carnitine effects on anemia in uremic rats studied with erythropoietin [PMID: 10575305]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine effects on anemia in uremic rats studied with erythropoietin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gorio A et al. (1992). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 1284498]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Bartellini M et al. (1987). L-carnitine and acetylcarnitine in research subjects sperm with normal and reduced… [PMID: 3630566]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and acetylcarnitine in research subjects sperm with normal and reduced motility. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shi J et al. (2005). [L-carnitine in the investigation of liver diseases] [PMID: 16042906]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine in the investigation of liver diseases]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Niang M et al. (2000). Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on leukemia L1210 resistant to mitoxantrone [PMID: 11294129]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on leukemia L1210 resistant to mitoxantrone. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Esposti D et al. (1994). Modulation of melatonin secretion by acetyl-L-carnitine in adult and old rats [PMID: 7897585]
Laboratory literature summary: Modulation of melatonin secretion by acetyl-L-carnitine in adult and old rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bertelli A et al. (1990). Protective action of propionyl-L-carnitine on toxicity induced by hyperbaric oxygen [PMID: 2100735]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective action of propionyl-L-carnitine on toxicity induced by hyperbaric oxygen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
STRACK E et al. (1962). [Use of L-carnitine in hyperfunction of the thyroid gland] [PMID: 13917584]
Laboratory literature summary: [Use of L-carnitine in hyperfunction of the thyroid gland]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sinforiani E et al. (1990). Neuropsychological changes in demented research subjects studied with acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 2387665]
Laboratory literature summary: Neuropsychological changes in demented research subjects studied with acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lewin LM et al. (1979). Paper chromatography and bioautography of L-carnitine and its acyl esters [PMID: 573073]
Laboratory literature summary: Paper chromatography and bioautography of L-carnitine and its acyl esters. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yurdakök M et al. (1993). Is L-carnitine protective in hypoxic cerebral edema in newborn mice? [PMID: 8160277]
Laboratory literature summary: Is L-carnitine protective in hypoxic cerebral edema in newborn mice?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Minville V et al. (2004). [Haemodialysis, L-carnitine research protocol and valproic acid overdose] [PMID: 15120780]
Laboratory literature summary: [Haemodialysis, L-carnitine research protocol and valproic acid overdose]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Benvenga S et al. (2003). Successive thyroid storms studied with L-carnitine and low doses of methimazole [PMID: 14553887]
Laboratory literature summary: Successive thyroid storms studied with L-carnitine and low doses of methimazole. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
STRACK E et al. (1960). [The preparation of L-carnitine and its isomers] [PMID: 13835043]
Laboratory literature summary: [The preparation of L-carnitine and its isomers]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Herink J (1996). Enhancing effect of L-carnitine on some abnormal signs induced by pentylenetetrazol [PMID: 9108707]
Laboratory literature summary: Enhancing effect of L-carnitine on some abnormal signs induced by pentylenetetrazol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Emaus R et al. (1982). Preparation of radioactive acetyl-L-carnitine by an enzymatic exchange reaction [PMID: 6122386]
Laboratory literature summary: Preparation of radioactive acetyl-L-carnitine by an enzymatic exchange reaction. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mondillo S et al. (1995). [research protocol of arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia. Association of… [PMID: 8681496]
Laboratory literature summary: [research protocol of arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia. Association of L-carnitine, propafenone and mexiletine]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Challoner DR et al. (1971). Protective effect of L-carnitine in experimental intoxication with diphtheria toxin [PMID: 5554343]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine in experimental intoxication with diphtheria toxin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Freo U et al. (2009). Cerebral metabolic effects of acetyl-l-carnitine in rats during aging [PMID: 19124012]
Laboratory literature summary: Cerebral metabolic effects of acetyl-l-carnitine in rats during aging. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bachmann HU et al. (2004). Interaction of food supplement L-carnitine with oral anticoagulant acenocoumarol [PMID: 15340883]
Laboratory literature summary: Interaction of food supplement L-carnitine with oral anticoagulant acenocoumarol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jäger W et al. (1993). Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of liposome-encapsulated L-carnitine in rats [PMID: 8240461]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of liposome-encapsulated L-carnitine in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yoshikawa K et al. (1970). Effect of L-carnitine and its derivatives on pulmonary derivatives on pulmonary… [PMID: 5537861]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine and its derivatives on pulmonary derivatives on pulmonary surface activity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Boyle C et al. (1993). [Why L-carnitine works in sports inspite of everything] [PMID: 8342009]
Laboratory literature summary: [Why L-carnitine works in sports inspite of everything]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Galimov ShN et al. (2012). [Effects of L-carnitine on ejaculate parameters in research models from infertile couples] [PMID: 22646002]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effects of L-carnitine on ejaculate parameters in research models from infertile couples]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Seim H et al. (1979). [Reduction of L-carnitine to gamma-butyrobetaine by Escherichia coli] [PMID: 398096]
Laboratory literature summary: [Reduction of L-carnitine to gamma-butyrobetaine by Escherichia coli]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Svoboda Z et al. (2005). Galantamine antiacetylcholinesterase activity in rat brain influenced by L-carnitine [PMID: 16601783]
Laboratory literature summary: Galantamine antiacetylcholinesterase activity in rat brain influenced by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dionisio P et al. (1985). [Effects of long-term investigation with L-carnitine on dyslipemia in hemodialysis… [PMID: 3974937]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effects of long-term investigation with L-carnitine on dyslipemia in hemodialysis research subjects]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fujiwara M et al. (1991). [Effect of L-carnitine in research subjects with ischemic heart disease] [PMID: 1841935]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effect of L-carnitine in research subjects with ischemic heart disease]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malone JI et al. (1992). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 1301404]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Pérez-Oliva JF et al. (2006). [Reduction of hospitalization thanks to L-carnitine in hemodialyzed research subjects] [PMID: 17058866]
Laboratory literature summary: [Reduction of hospitalization thanks to L-carnitine in hemodialyzed research subjects]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Weber R et al. (1993). [What physicians ought to know about L-carnitine: basic considerations] [PMID: 8434223]
Laboratory literature summary: [What physicians ought to know about L-carnitine: basic considerations]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
STRACK E et al. (1953). [The stimulating effect of esters of L-carnitine on isolated organs] [PMID: 13128732]
Laboratory literature summary: [The stimulating effect of esters of L-carnitine on isolated organs]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Karpowicz B et al. (1995). [Clearance, reabsorption and excretion of free and bound L-carnitine in children] [PMID: 8650031]
Laboratory literature summary: [Clearance, reabsorption and excretion of free and bound L-carnitine in children]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Miotto G et al. (1989). Inhibitory action of isovaleryl-L-carnitine on proteolysis in perfused rat liver [PMID: 2645869]
Laboratory literature summary: Inhibitory action of isovaleryl-L-carnitine on proteolysis in perfused rat liver. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dal Negro R et al. (1988). Effects of L-carnitine on physical performance in chronic respiratory insufficiency [PMID: 3137180]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on physical performance in chronic respiratory insufficiency. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Maccari F et al. (1987). L-carnitine effect on plasma lipoproteins of hyperlipidemic fat-loaded rats [PMID: 3451004]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine effect on plasma lipoproteins of hyperlipidemic fat-loaded rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Menchini-Fabris GF et al. (1984). Free L-carnitine in research subjects semen: its variability in different andrologic… [PMID: 6430725]
Laboratory literature summary: Free L-carnitine in research subjects semen: its variability in different andrologic pathologies. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pola P et al. (1983). Effect of l-carnitine on lipid pattern in debilitated research subjects studied with… [PMID: 6592157]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of l-carnitine on lipid pattern in debilitated research subjects studied with Intralipid. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mijares A et al. (2001). L-carnitine prevents increase in diastolic [CA2+] induced by doxorubicin in cardiac cells [PMID: 11502276]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine prevents increase in diastolic [CA2+] induced by doxorubicin in cardiac cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Matsumoto Y et al. (2000). Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on cardiac morbidity in hemodialyzed research… [PMID: 10878401]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on cardiac morbidity in hemodialyzed research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Baker H et al. (1993). Absorption and excretion of L-carnitine during single or multiple dosings in research… [PMID: 8320054]
Laboratory literature summary: Absorption and excretion of L-carnitine during single or multiple dosings in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mezzina C et al. (1992). Idiopathic facial paralysis: new investigational prospects with acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 1301409]
Laboratory literature summary: Idiopathic facial paralysis: new investigational prospects with acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Davini P et al. (1992). Controlled study on L-carnitine investigational observed endpoints in post-infarction [PMID: 1292918]
Laboratory literature summary: Controlled study on L-carnitine investigational observed endpoints in post-infarction. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Siliprandi N et al. (1991). Propionyl-L-carnitine: biochemical significance and possible role in cardiac metabolism [PMID: 2031869]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine: biochemical significance and possible role in cardiac metabolism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tegelaers FP et al. (1989). Effect of deproteinization and reagent buffer on the enzymatic assay of L-carnitine in… [PMID: 2614344]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of deproteinization and reagent buffer on the enzymatic assay of L-carnitine in serum. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
DELTOUR G et al. (1964). [INFLUENCE OF D,L-CARNITINE ON BONE FIXATION OF CALCIUM IN RATS] [PMID: 14210589]
Laboratory literature summary: [INFLUENCE OF D,L-CARNITINE ON BONE FIXATION OF CALCIUM IN RATS]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Abdul Karim D (2025). "Exploring benefits of L-carnitine in hemodialysis: promising findings await… [PMID: 40281379]
Laboratory literature summary: "Exploring benefits of L-carnitine in hemodialysis: promising findings await laboratory application". Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ali Mahmoud Assar M et al. (2022). Effects of asparaginases and L-carnitine on Western-diet-induced hepatosteatosis in mice [PMID: 37497390]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of asparaginases and L-carnitine on Western-diet-induced hepatosteatosis in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Souza CV et al. (2019). Effect of different concentrations of l-carnitine in extender for semen… [PMID: 31121151]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of different concentrations of l-carnitine in extender for semen cryopreservation in sheep. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Irie J et al. (2017). L-Carnitine improves gastrointestinal disorders and altered the intestinal microbiota… [PMID: 28243546]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine improves gastrointestinal disorders and altered the intestinal microbiota in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arduini A et al. (2016). Defining the potential antidepressant mode of action of acetyl-l-carnitine [PMID: 27621430]
Laboratory literature summary: Defining the potential antidepressant mode of action of acetyl-l-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kutluay Köklü AH et al. (2015). Biochemical and biomechanical assessment of effects of L-carnitine on oral mucosal wounds [PMID: 25346371]
Laboratory literature summary: Biochemical and biomechanical assessment of effects of L-carnitine on oral mucosal wounds. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhou B et al. (2013). Effect of dietary yeast chromium and L-carnitine on lipid metabolism of sheep [PMID: 23975581]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of dietary yeast chromium and L-carnitine on lipid metabolism of sheep. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Al-Biltagi M et al. (2012). L-carnitine improves the asthma control in children with moderate persistent asthma [PMID: 22162707]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine improves the asthma control in children with moderate persistent asthma. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Davies SJ (2011). L-carnitine: more than just an alternative to glucose as an osmotic agent for… [PMID: 21878952]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine: more than just an alternative to glucose as an osmotic agent for peritoneal dialysis?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pignatelli P et al. (2011). Effect of L-carnitine on oxidative stress and platelet activation after major surgery [PMID: 21770897]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on oxidative stress and platelet activation after major surgery. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wu GQ et al. (2011). L-carnitine enhances oocyte maturation and development of parthenogenetic embryos in pigs [PMID: 21705056]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine enhances oocyte maturation and development of parthenogenetic embryos in pigs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pace S et al. (2000). Pharmacokinetics of propionyl-L-carnitine in research subjects: evidence for saturable… [PMID: 11069438]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics of propionyl-L-carnitine in research subjects: evidence for saturable tubular reabsorption. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Brevetti G et al. (1997). Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication [PMID: 9070558]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lissoni P et al. (1993). Prevention by L-carnitine of interleukin-2 related cardiac toxicity during oncology… [PMID: 8236505]
Laboratory literature summary: Prevention by L-carnitine of interleukin-2 related cardiac toxicity during oncology research models immunotherapy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Calvani M et al. (1992). Action of acetyl-L-carnitine in neurodegeneration and neurodegeneration research… [PMID: 1482095]
Laboratory literature summary: Action of acetyl-L-carnitine in neurodegeneration and neurodegeneration research models's disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Huertas R et al. (1992). Respiratory chain enzymes in muscle of endurance athletes: effect of L-carnitine [PMID: 1329742]
Laboratory literature summary: Respiratory chain enzymes in muscle of endurance athletes: effect of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marciani P et al. (1991). L-carnitine and carnitine ester transport in the rat small intestine [PMID: 2062791]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and carnitine ester transport in the rat small intestine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Leasure JE et al. (1991). Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on experimental myocardial infarction in dogs [PMID: 2031876]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on experimental myocardial infarction in dogs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Melegh B et al. (1990). L-carnitine replacement research protocol in chronic valproate investigation [PMID: 2107456]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine replacement research protocol in chronic valproate investigation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vacha GM et al. (1989). L-carnitine addition to dialysis fluid. A investigational alternative for hemodialysis… [PMID: 2915763]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine addition to dialysis fluid. A investigational alternative for hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Di Donato S et al. (1984). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 6538002]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Kou H et al. (2024). Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation on Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review [PMID: 38389158]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation on Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li J et al. (2021). Biological roles of l-carnitine in oocyte and early embryo development [PMID: 34618389]
Laboratory literature summary: Biological roles of l-carnitine in oocyte and early embryo development. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Morimoto N et al. (2021). Correction to: investigation with Laevo (L)-carnitine reverses the mitochondrial… [PMID: 33931821]
Laboratory literature summary: Correction to: investigation with Laevo (L)-carnitine reverses the mitochondrial function of research subjects embryos. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhang M et al. (2018). Inexpensive Weight-Reducing Aid (L-Carnitine) as An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis… [PMID: 30338731]
Laboratory literature summary: Inexpensive Weight-Reducing Aid (L-Carnitine) as An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of Benzimidazoles. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Claus SP (2014). Mammalian-microbial cometabolism of L-carnitine in the context of atherosclerosis [PMID: 25440049]
Laboratory literature summary: Mammalian-microbial cometabolism of L-carnitine in the context of atherosclerosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bodea F et al. (2010). L-carnitine decreases oxidative stress induced by experimental hypobaric hypoxia [PMID: 20813083]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine decreases oxidative stress induced by experimental hypobaric hypoxia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rajasekar P et al. (2008). Renoprotective action of L-carnitine in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome [PMID: 18093214]
Laboratory literature summary: Renoprotective action of L-carnitine in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yapar K et al. (2007). Hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine against acute acetaminophen toxicity in mice [PMID: 17716880]
Laboratory literature summary: Hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine against acute acetaminophen toxicity in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Boonsanit D et al. (2006). L-carnitine ameliorates doxorubicin-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats [PMID: 16889571]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine ameliorates doxorubicin-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malaguarnera M et al. (2003). L-Carnitine in the investigation of mild or moderate hepatic encephalopathy [PMID: 14571103]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine in the investigation of mild or moderate hepatic encephalopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kopple JD et al. (2002). L-carnitine ameliorates gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats [PMID: 12454222]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine ameliorates gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lo Giudice P et al. (2002). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 11947964]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Bajgar J et al. (1999). Effect of 7-methoxytacrine and L-carnitine on the activity of choline acetyltransferase [PMID: 10703712]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of 7-methoxytacrine and L-carnitine on the activity of choline acetyltransferase. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Georgala S et al. (1999). L-carnitine supplementation in research subjects with cystic acne on isotretinoin… [PMID: 10642057]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in research subjects with cystic acne on isotretinoin research protocol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lerch R (1998). [The effect of L-carnitine on ischemic heart disease: experimental results] [PMID: 9522638]
Laboratory literature summary: [The effect of L-carnitine on ischemic heart disease: experimental results]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
LaCount DW et al. (1996). Exposure level response of dairy cows to abomasal administration of four amounts of… [PMID: 8744224]
Laboratory literature summary: exposure level response of dairy cows to abomasal administration of four amounts of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Decombaz J et al. (1993). Effect of L-carnitine on submaximal exercise metabolism after depletion of muscle glycogen [PMID: 8321112]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on submaximal exercise metabolism after depletion of muscle glycogen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Palazzuoli V et al. (1993). [The evaluation of the antiarrhythmic activity of L-carnitine and propafenone in… [PMID: 7682488]
Laboratory literature summary: [The evaluation of the antiarrhythmic activity of L-carnitine and propafenone in ischemic cardiopathy]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sandor A (1991). Butyrobetaine is equal to L-carnitine in elevating L-carnitine levels in rats [PMID: 2036448]
Laboratory literature summary: Butyrobetaine is equal to L-carnitine in elevating L-carnitine levels in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Duan J et al. (1991). Protective effects of D,L-carnitine against arrhythmias induced by… [PMID: 2055235]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effects of D,L-carnitine against arrhythmias induced by lysophosphatidylcholine or reperfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Boeynaems JM et al. (1989). Palmitoyl-L-carnitine increases the release of prostacyclin from vascular endothelial… [PMID: 2510729]
Laboratory literature summary: Palmitoyl-L-carnitine increases the release of prostacyclin from vascular endothelial cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Palo E et al. (1981). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 7211090]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Bizzi A et al. (1979). L-carnitine addition to haemodialysis fluid prevents plasma-carnitine deficiency… [PMID: 86134]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine addition to haemodialysis fluid prevents plasma-carnitine deficiency during dialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kononov SU et al. (2022). Dietary L-Carnitine Affects Leukocyte Count and Function in Dairy Cows Around Parturition [PMID: 35370999]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary L-Carnitine Affects Leukocyte Count and Function in Dairy Cows Around Parturition. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Liu H et al. (2021). Surface adsorption and solution aggregation of a novel lauroyl-l-carnitine surfactant [PMID: 33592522]
Laboratory literature summary: Surface adsorption and solution aggregation of a novel lauroyl-l-carnitine surfactant. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alharthi WA et al. (2020). Selenium and L-Carnitine Ameliorate Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in… [PMID: 31863275]
Laboratory literature summary: Selenium and L-Carnitine Ameliorate Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in research models Mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rolim LC et al. (2019). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 31201734]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Park N et al. (2018). Composition and biochemical properties of l-carnitine fortified Makgeolli brewed by… [PMID: 30510729]
Laboratory literature summary: Composition and biochemical properties of l-carnitine fortified Makgeolli brewed by using fermented buckwheat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Le Borgne F et al. (2017). L-carnitine protects C2C12 cells against mitochondrial superoxide overproduction and… [PMID: 28289521]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine protects C2C12 cells against mitochondrial superoxide overproduction and cell death. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li JM et al. (2017). Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in zebrafish, Danio rerio [PMID: 28102299]
Laboratory literature summary: Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cao Y et al. (2017). The Effects of l-Carnitine Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Injuries in Mouse Testis [PMID: 27649639]
Laboratory literature summary: The Effects of l-Carnitine Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Injuries in Mouse Testis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Conlon TM et al. (2016). Metabolomics screening identifies reduced L-carnitine to be associated with… [PMID: 26564208]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolomics screening identifies reduced L-carnitine to be associated with progressive emphysema. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Acevedo-Pabón ÁF et al. (2015). Impact of vigorous exercise on serum levels of L-carnitine in prisoners in Colombia [PMID: 28453047]
Laboratory literature summary: Impact of vigorous exercise on serum levels of L-carnitine in prisoners in Colombia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rocher F et al. (2011). [L-carnitine investigation and fish odor syndrome: an unwaited adverse effect] [PMID: 21481905]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine investigation and fish odor syndrome: an unwaited adverse effect]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sitta A et al. (2011). Evidence that L-carnitine and selenium supplementation reduces oxidative stress in… [PMID: 21191647]
Laboratory literature summary: Evidence that L-carnitine and selenium supplementation reduces oxidative stress in phenylketonuric research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Orlandi A et al. (2007). Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents age-related myocardial remodeling in the rabbit [PMID: 17703133]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents age-related myocardial remodeling in the rabbit. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Altas E et al. (2006). L-carnitine reduces cochlear damage induced by gamma irradiation in Guinea pigs [PMID: 16951273]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine reduces cochlear damage induced by gamma irradiation in Guinea pigs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Grazi G et al. (2004). [Can the investigation with L-carnitine improve the inflammation in chronic… [PMID: 15750986]
Laboratory literature summary: [Can the investigation with L-carnitine improve the inflammation in chronic hemodialysis research subjects?]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alvarez M et al. (2005). Antimony-induced cardiomyopathy in guinea-pig and protection by L-carnitine [PMID: 15644865]
Laboratory literature summary: Antimony-induced cardiomyopathy in guinea-pig and protection by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Van Calcar SC et al. (2002). L-carnitine administration reduces number of episodes in cyclic vomiting syndrome [PMID: 11999680]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine administration reduces number of episodes in cyclic vomiting syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rani PJ et al. (2001). Protective observed endpoints of L-carnitine on acetylcholinesterase activity in aged… [PMID: 11253151]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective observed endpoints of L-carnitine on acetylcholinesterase activity in aged rat brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Palmero S et al. (2000). Metabolic effects of L-carnitine on prepubertal rat Sertoli cells [PMID: 10786925]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolic effects of L-carnitine on prepubertal rat Sertoli cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Luo X et al. (1999). L-carnitine attenuates doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation in rats [PMID: 10381186]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine attenuates doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ceccarelli M et al. (1992). [Plasma L-carnitine levels in children with celiac disease] [PMID: 1474967]
Laboratory literature summary: [Plasma L-carnitine levels in children with celiac disease]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fariello RG et al. (1988). Systemic acetyl-L-carnitine elevates nigral levels of glutathione and GABA [PMID: 3398700]
Laboratory literature summary: Systemic acetyl-L-carnitine elevates nigral levels of glutathione and GABA. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Soufir JC et al. (1984). Levels of seminal free L(-) carnitine in fertile and infertile research subjects [PMID: 6480140]
Laboratory literature summary: Levels of seminal free L(-) carnitine in fertile and infertile research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Schiavoni G et al. (1981). [The anti-arrhythmic effect of L-carnitine in subjects with ischemic cardiopathy] [PMID: 7307446]
Laboratory literature summary: [The anti-arrhythmic effect of L-carnitine in subjects with ischemic cardiopathy]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wu C et al. (2014). Antioxidants L-carnitine and D-methionine modulate neuronal activity through GABAergic… [PMID: 24532255]
Laboratory literature summary: Antioxidants L-carnitine and D-methionine modulate neuronal activity through GABAergic inhibition. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vuralkan E et al. (2013). Effect of local use of L-carnitine after myringotomy on myringosclerosis development… [PMID: 23552281]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of local use of L-carnitine after myringotomy on myringosclerosis development in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Keller J et al. (2011). Dietary L-carnitine alters gene expression in skeletal muscle of piglets [PMID: 20938991]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary L-carnitine alters gene expression in skeletal muscle of piglets. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Derosa G et al. (2010). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 20720348]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Zhang W et al. (2009). [L-carnitine improves the reproductive function of research models rats with… [PMID: 19694372]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine improves the reproductive function of research models rats with ornidazole-induced asthenospermia]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bonomini M et al. (2007). L-carnitine inhibits a subset of platelet activation responses in chronic uraemia [PMID: 17478491]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine inhibits a subset of platelet activation responses in chronic uraemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Duranay M et al. (2006). Effects of L-carnitine infusions on inflammatory and nutritional markers in… [PMID: 16861734]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine infusions on inflammatory and nutritional markers in haemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hino K et al. (2005). L-carnitine inhibits hypoglycemia-induced brain damage in the rat [PMID: 16051203]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine inhibits hypoglycemia-induced brain damage in the rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
El-Beshlawy A et al. (2004). Improvement of cardiac function in thalassemia major studied with L-carnitine [PMID: 15034235]
Laboratory literature summary: Improvement of cardiac function in thalassemia major studied with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Castellar MR et al. (2001). L(-)-carnitine production using a recombinant Escherichia coli strain [PMID: 11397459]
Laboratory literature summary: L(-)-carnitine production using a recombinant Escherichia coli strain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Singh RB et al. (1998). L-carnitine administration in coronary artery disease and cardiomyopathy [PMID: 11229253]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine administration in coronary artery disease and cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ferreira IM et al. (1997). Enzymic flow parenteral-route administration determination of free L-carnitine in… [PMID: 9474809]
Laboratory literature summary: Enzymic flow parenteral-route administration determination of free L-carnitine in infant formulae. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lohninger A et al. (1996). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 9120742]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Sarhan S et al. (1994). Protection against lethal ammonia intoxication: synergism between endogenous ornithine… [PMID: 8058031]
Laboratory literature summary: Protection against lethal ammonia intoxication: synergism between endogenous ornithine and L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bérard E et al. (1994). Low exposure level of L-carnitine impairs membrane fragility of erythrocytes in… [PMID: 7991030]
Laboratory literature summary: Low exposure level of L-carnitine impairs membrane fragility of erythrocytes in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Amico-Roxas M et al. (1993). Inhibitory effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on plasma extravasation induced by… [PMID: 8174493]
Laboratory literature summary: Inhibitory effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on plasma extravasation induced by irritants in rodents. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Martina B et al. (1992). [Anti-arrhythmia investigation using L-carnitine in acute myocardial infarct] [PMID: 1384117]
Laboratory literature summary: [Anti-arrhythmia investigation using L-carnitine in acute myocardial infarct]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sershen H et al. (1991). Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on the dopaminergic system in aging brain [PMID: 1839317]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on the dopaminergic system in aging brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hayashi H et al. (1984). Effects of l-carnitine on action potential of canine papillary muscle during hypoxic… [PMID: 6699530]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of l-carnitine on action potential of canine papillary muscle during hypoxic perfusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bazzato G et al. (1981). Myasthenia-like syndrome after D,L- but not L-carnitine [PMID: 6112547]
Laboratory literature summary: Myasthenia-like syndrome after D,L- but not L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chase JF et al. (1970). Specific alkylation of a histidine residue in carnitine acetyltransferase by… [PMID: 5461620]
Laboratory literature summary: Specific alkylation of a histidine residue in carnitine acetyltransferase by bromoacetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang L et al. (2026). Effects of evolocumab combined with L-carnitine on prognosis of research subjects… [PMID: 41796518]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of evolocumab combined with L-carnitine on prognosis of research subjects after emergency PCI. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ok MU et al. (2023). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 37867024]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Miwa T et al. (2022). Survival benefit of l-carnitine supplementation in research subjects with cirrhosis [PMID: 35511698]
Laboratory literature summary: Survival benefit of l-carnitine supplementation in research subjects with cirrhosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Liu Y et al. (2019). L-carnitine does not ameliorate asparaginase-associated hepatotoxicity in a C57BL6… [PMID: 30714450]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine does not ameliorate asparaginase-associated hepatotoxicity in a C57BL6 mouse model. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fukushima N et al. (2017). Acetyl-l-carnitine enhances myelination of regenerated fibers of the lateral olfactory… [PMID: 28583580]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine enhances myelination of regenerated fibers of the lateral olfactory tract. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mescka CP et al. (2015). Investigation of inflammatory profile in MSUD research subjects: benefit of… [PMID: 26002427]
Laboratory literature summary: Investigation of inflammatory profile in MSUD research subjects: benefit of L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ghanbarzadeh S et al. (2014). Effects of L-carnitine and coenzyme q10 on impaired spermatogenesis caused by… [PMID: 24285403]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine and coenzyme q10 on impaired spermatogenesis caused by isoproterenol in research models rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Banihani S et al. (2014). Cryoprotective effect of L-carnitine on motility, vitality and DNA oxidation of… [PMID: 23822772]
Laboratory literature summary: Cryoprotective effect of L-carnitine on motility, vitality and DNA oxidation of research subjects spermatozoa. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Salama AF et al. (2015). Protective role of L-carnitine and vitamin E on the testis of atherosclerotic rats [PMID: 23406956]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective role of L-carnitine and vitamin E on the testis of atherosclerotic rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Silvério R et al. (2012). L-Carnitine induces recovery of liver lipid metabolism in oncology research models… [PMID: 21465256]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine induces recovery of liver lipid metabolism in oncology research models cachexia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dobrzyńska I et al. (2010). Effect of L-carnitine on liver cell membranes in ethanol-intoxicated rats [PMID: 20637186]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on liver cell membranes in ethanol-intoxicated rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Galan A et al. (1998). Automation of a spectrophotometric method for measuring L -carnitine in research… [PMID: 18924818]
Laboratory literature summary: Automation of a spectrophotometric method for measuring L -carnitine in research subjects blood serum. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Geraldine P et al. (2006). Prevention of selenite-induced cataractogenesis by acetyl-L-carnitine: an experimental… [PMID: 16962580]
Laboratory literature summary: Prevention of selenite-induced cataractogenesis by acetyl-L-carnitine: an experimental study. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pueschel SM (2006). The effect of acetyl-L-carnitine administration on persons with Down syndrome [PMID: 16621446]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of acetyl-L-carnitine administration on persons with Down syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Smiddy M et al. (2004). Role for compatible solutes glycine betaine and L-carnitine in listerial barotolerance [PMID: 15574960]
Laboratory literature summary: Role for compatible solutes glycine betaine and L-carnitine in listerial barotolerance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vazelov E et al. (2003). L-carnitine consecutively administered to research subjects on hemodialysis improves… [PMID: 12757029]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine consecutively administered to research subjects on hemodialysis improves beta-cell response. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Musser RE et al. (1999). Effects of L-carnitine fed during gestation and lactation on sow and litter performance [PMID: 10641876]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine fed during gestation and lactation on sow and litter performance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mingrone G et al. (1999). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 10067662]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Shennan DB et al. (1998). Characteristics of L-carnitine transport by lactating rat mammary tissue [PMID: 9714731]
Laboratory literature summary: Characteristics of L-carnitine transport by lactating rat mammary tissue. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hotta N et al. (1996). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 8891600]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Plioplys AV et al. (1994). L-carnitine as a investigation of lethargy in children with chronic neurologic handicaps [PMID: 8048704]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine as a investigation of lethargy in children with chronic neurologic handicaps. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Conti P et al. (1994). Reduced research subjects lymphocyte blastogenesis and enhancement of adenosine… [PMID: 8047060]
Laboratory literature summary: Reduced research subjects lymphocyte blastogenesis and enhancement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Felipo V et al. (1994). Molecular mechanism of acute ammonia toxicity and of its prevention by L-carnitine [PMID: 7741017]
Laboratory literature summary: Molecular mechanism of acute ammonia toxicity and of its prevention by L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Taglialatela G et al. (1992). Stimulation of nerve growth factor receptors in PC12 by acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 1324679]
Laboratory literature summary: Stimulation of nerve growth factor receptors in PC12 by acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tenconi B et al. (1992). Intraspinal degenerative atrophy caused by sciatic nerve lesions prevented by… [PMID: 1284500]
Laboratory literature summary: Intraspinal degenerative atrophy caused by sciatic nerve lesions prevented by acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Genazzani AD et al. (1991). Acetyl-l-carnitine as possible drug in the investigation of hypothalamic amenorrhea [PMID: 1763615]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine as possible drug in the investigation of hypothalamic amenorrhea. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ahmad S et al. (1989). Fatty acid abnormalities in hemodialysis research subjects: effect of L-carnitine… [PMID: 2636665]
Laboratory literature summary: Fatty acid abnormalities in hemodialysis research subjects: effect of L-carnitine administration. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marzo A et al. (1989). Metabolism and disposition of intravenously administered acetyl-L-carnitine in healthy… [PMID: 2591464]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolism and disposition of intravenously administered acetyl-L-carnitine in healthy research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Leonardis V et al. (1985). Reduction of cardiac toxicity of anthracyclines by L-carnitine: preliminary overview… [PMID: 3860480]
Laboratory literature summary: Reduction of cardiac toxicity of anthracyclines by L-carnitine: preliminary overview of laboratory data. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Costell M et al. (1984). Effects of L-carnitine on urea synthesis following acute ammonia intoxication in mice [PMID: 6329182]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on urea synthesis following acute ammonia intoxication in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yoon G et al. (2024). Palmitoyl-L-carnitine induces tau phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction in… [PMID: 39536002]
Laboratory literature summary: Palmitoyl-L-carnitine induces tau phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction in neuronal cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ahmadpour S et al. (2024). L-carnitine fails to rescue chemotherapy injured ovaries by epigenetic changes of… [PMID: 38181927]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine fails to rescue chemotherapy injured ovaries by epigenetic changes of transcription factors. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Aziz MM et al. (2020). Protective effects of olmesartan and l-carnitine on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity… [PMID: 31665614]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effects of olmesartan and l-carnitine on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pereira NRM et al. (2018). Does L-Carnitine Supplementation Improve Sleep Quality in Children with Autism? [PMID: 30024099]
Laboratory literature summary: Does L-Carnitine Supplementation Improve Sleep Quality in Children with Autism?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mohammadi M et al. (2016). Preventive effect of l-carnitine and its derivatives on endothelial dysfunction and… [PMID: 28531771]
Laboratory literature summary: Preventive effect of l-carnitine and its derivatives on endothelial dysfunction and platelet aggregation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gomi D et al. (2017). Dynamics of L-Carnitine in Plasma and Urine in research subjects Undergoing Cisplatin… [PMID: 28419998]
Laboratory literature summary: Dynamics of L-Carnitine in Plasma and Urine in research subjects Undergoing Cisplatin Chemotherapy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Geier DA et al. (2013). L-carnitine exposure and mitochondrial function in research subjects neuronal cells [PMID: 24005823]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine exposure and mitochondrial function in research subjects neuronal cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arense P et al. (2013). Metabolic engineering for high yielding L(-)-carnitine production in Escherichia coli [PMID: 23718679]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolic engineering for high yielding L(-)-carnitine production in Escherichia coli. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li L et al. (2012). [Cellular uptake of TPS-L-carnitine synthesised as transporter-based renal targeting… [PMID: 23387232]
Laboratory literature summary: [Cellular uptake of TPS-L-carnitine synthesised as transporter-based renal targeting prodrug]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhang S et al. (2011). Enhanced bioavailability of L-carnitine after painless intradermal delivery vs. oral… [PMID: 20387100]
Laboratory literature summary: Enhanced bioavailability of L-carnitine after painless intradermal delivery vs. oral administration in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Herzmann C et al. (2005). Long-term effect of acetyl-L-carnitine for antiretroviral toxic neuropathy [PMID: 16566084]
Laboratory literature summary: Long-term effect of acetyl-L-carnitine for antiretroviral toxic neuropathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rebouche CJ (2004). Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine… [PMID: 15591001]
Laboratory literature summary: Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine metabolism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Virmani A et al. (2003). Possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effects of L-carnitine on… [PMID: 12853314]
Laboratory literature summary: Possible mechanism for the neuroprotective effects of L-carnitine on methamphetamine-evoked neurotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ellaway CJ et al. (2001). Medium-term open label trial of L-carnitine in Rett syndrome [PMID: 11738848]
Laboratory literature summary: Medium-term open label trial of L-carnitine in Rett syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Barker GA et al. (2001). Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease [PMID: 11528327]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cipolla MJ et al. (1999). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 10359944]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Ferrari R et al. (1997). The propionyl-L-carnitine hypothesis: an alternative approach to investigating heart… [PMID: 9330130]
Laboratory literature summary: The propionyl-L-carnitine hypothesis: an alternative approach to investigating heart failure. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Brass EP et al. (1994). Effect of intravenous L-carnitine on carnitine homeostasis and fuel metabolism during… [PMID: 8004884]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of intravenous L-carnitine on carnitine homeostasis and fuel metabolism during exercise in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Felipo V et al. (1994). L-carnitine increases the affinity of glutamate for quisqualate receptors and prevents… [PMID: 7909920]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine increases the affinity of glutamate for quisqualate receptors and prevents glutamate neurotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ghirardi O et al. (1988). Effect of acetyl-l-carnitine chronic investigation on discrimination models in aged rats [PMID: 3249750]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of acetyl-l-carnitine chronic investigation on discrimination models in aged rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Howard LJ et al. (1985). A case history of myopathic carnitine deficiency benefited by glucocorticoids and… [PMID: 4064927]
Laboratory literature summary: A case history of myopathic carnitine deficiency benefited by glucocorticoids and L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Abe M et al. (1983). [Effects of L-carnitine on myocardial fatty acid metabolism impaired by catecholamines] [PMID: 6857011]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effects of L-carnitine on myocardial fatty acid metabolism impaired by catecholamines]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De la Morena E et al. (1982). Low serum L-carnitine concentrations in toxic oil syndrome [PMID: 6122115]
Laboratory literature summary: Low serum L-carnitine concentrations in toxic oil syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Van Hinsbergh VW et al. (1978). Effect of L-carnitine on the oxidation of leucine and valine by rat skeletal muscle [PMID: 718675]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on the oxidation of leucine and valine by rat skeletal muscle. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Söling HD et al. (1968). Effects of L-carnitine on utilization of ketone bodies and glucose in eviscerated,… [PMID: 5652427]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on utilization of ketone bodies and glucose in eviscerated, nephrectomized rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ning J et al. (2026). The mechanism of acetyl-L-carnitine on colorectal oncology research models and its… [PMID: 41610723]
Laboratory literature summary: The mechanism of acetyl-L-carnitine on colorectal oncology research models and its metabolomic study. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhou X et al. (2023). L-carnitine promotes liver regeneration after hepatectomy by enhancing lipid metabolism [PMID: 37474946]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine promotes liver regeneration after hepatectomy by enhancing lipid metabolism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xu H et al. (2020). The Effect of L-Carnitine Additive During In Vitro Maturation on the Vitrification of… [PMID: 32673085]
Laboratory literature summary: The Effect of L-Carnitine Additive During In Vitro Maturation on the Vitrification of Pig Oocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Samir SM et al. (2018). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 28981442]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Jung S et al. (2015). Proximate Composition, and l-Carnitine and Betaine Contents in Meat from Korean… [PMID: 26580444]
Laboratory literature summary: Proximate Composition, and l-Carnitine and Betaine Contents in Meat from Korean Indigenous Chicken. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Baldoceda L et al. (2016). Genetic influence on the reduction in bovine embryo lipid content by l-carnitine [PMID: 25568931]
Laboratory literature summary: Genetic influence on the reduction in bovine embryo lipid content by l-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xiang Y et al. (2013). L-carnitine protects against cyclosporine-induced pancreatic and renal injury in rats [PMID: 24157049]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine protects against cyclosporine-induced pancreatic and renal injury in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Güçlü O et al. (2013). In vitro effects of L-carnitine on coronary artery bypass grafts [PMID: 23940435]
Laboratory literature summary: In vitro effects of L-carnitine on coronary artery bypass grafts. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rospond B et al. (2013). [The biological function of L-carnitine and its content in the particular food examples] [PMID: 23879010]
Laboratory literature summary: [The biological function of L-carnitine and its content in the particular food examples]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Smeland OB et al. (2012). Dietary supplementation with acetyl-l-carnitine in seizure investigation of… [PMID: 22709675]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary supplementation with acetyl-l-carnitine in seizure investigation of pentylenetetrazole kindled mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Keller J et al. (2011). Effect of L-carnitine on the hepatic transcript profile in piglets as animal model [PMID: 22040461]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on the hepatic transcript profile in piglets as animal model. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xu S et al. (2010). Transport of L-carnitine in research subjects corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells [PMID: 21045919]
Laboratory literature summary: Transport of L-carnitine in research subjects corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Foitzik K et al. (2007). L-carnitine-L-tartrate promotes research subjects follicular biology endpoints in vitro [PMID: 17927577]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine-L-tartrate promotes research subjects follicular biology endpoints in vitro. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Neumann S et al. (2007). Plasma L-carnitine concentration in healthy dogs and dogs with hepatopathy [PMID: 17523086]
Laboratory literature summary: Plasma L-carnitine concentration in healthy dogs and dogs with hepatopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Azeka E (2005). [The impact of L-carnitine on nutritional status in juvenile idiopathic dilated… [PMID: 16247533]
Laboratory literature summary: [The impact of L-carnitine on nutritional status in juvenile idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rincker MJ et al. (2003). Effects of increasing dietary L-carnitine on growth performance of weanling pigs [PMID: 12968701]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of increasing dietary L-carnitine on growth performance of weanling pigs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alagoz G et al. (2002). L-carnitine in experimental retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury [PMID: 11919442]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine in experimental retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Winter SC et al. (2000). Cardiomyopathy in childhood, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of L-carnitine [PMID: 10650319]
Laboratory literature summary: Cardiomyopathy in childhood, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kelly GS (1998). L-Carnitine: investigational applications of a conditionally-essential amino acid [PMID: 9804680]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine: investigational applications of a conditionally-essential amino acid. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
García-Rubio L et al. (1998). Cytotoxicity of paraquat in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes: effects of L-carnitine [PMID: 9699010]
Laboratory literature summary: Cytotoxicity of paraquat in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes: effects of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Maresca P et al. (1995). Propionyl-L-carnitine improves mechanical performance of papillary muscle from dilated… [PMID: 7755262]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine improves mechanical performance of papillary muscle from dilated cardiomyopathic hamsters. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Liu Y et al. (1993). Inhibition of postcardiac arrest brain protein oxidation by acetyl-L-carnitine [PMID: 8138193]
Laboratory literature summary: Inhibition of postcardiac arrest brain protein oxidation by acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Passeri M et al. (1990). Acetyl-L-carnitine in the investigation of mildly demented elderly research subjects [PMID: 2201659]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in the investigation of mildly demented elderly research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ferrari R et al. (1989). Protective effect of propionyl-L-carnitine against ischaemia and reperfusion-damage [PMID: 2779535]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of propionyl-L-carnitine against ischaemia and reperfusion-damage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arancio O et al. (1989). Transitory L-carnitine depletion in rat skeletal muscle by D-carnitine [PMID: 2748504]
Laboratory literature summary: Transitory L-carnitine depletion in rat skeletal muscle by D-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gomarasca P et al. (1986). Interaction of L-carnitine with DPN-diaphorase in the myocardium of the aged rat [PMID: 3730174]
Laboratory literature summary: Interaction of L-carnitine with DPN-diaphorase in the myocardium of the aged rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Costell M et al. (1984). [Protective effect of L-carnitine in experimental high blood ammonium levels] [PMID: 6473858]
Laboratory literature summary: [Protective effect of L-carnitine in experimental high blood ammonium levels]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Choi M et al. (2020). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 32932644]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Zhang Q et al. (2026). The in vivo disposition of mildronate and its regulatory effects on L-carnitine in rats [PMID: 41586832]
Laboratory literature summary: The in vivo disposition of mildronate and its regulatory effects on L-carnitine in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li T et al. (2025). Extending dynamic and operational range of the biosensor responding to l-carnitine by… [PMID: 40386442]
Laboratory literature summary: Extending dynamic and operational range of the biosensor responding to l-carnitine by directed evolution. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gökçe Y et al. (2023). L-Carnitine improves mechanical responses of cardiomyocytes and restores Ca(2+)… [PMID: 37329457]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine improves mechanical responses of cardiomyocytes and restores Ca(2+) homeostasis during aging. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pennisi M et al. (2020). Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Dementia and Other Cognitive Disorders: A Critical Update [PMID: 32408706]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-Carnitine in Dementia and Other Cognitive Disorders: A Critical Update. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Petrick HL et al. (2019). High intensity exercise inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I sensitivity to… [PMID: 30635360]
Laboratory literature summary: High intensity exercise inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I sensitivity to l-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Nasca C et al. (2018). Acetyl-l-carnitine deficiency in research subjects with major depressive disorder [PMID: 30061399]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine deficiency in research subjects with major depressive disorder. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sergi G et al. (2018). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 28534301]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Li JM et al. (2017). Corrigendum: Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in… [PMID: 28332552]
Laboratory literature summary: Corrigendum: Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mescka CP et al. (2015). L-Carnitine supplementation decreases DNA damage in studied MSUD research subjects [PMID: 25867118]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine supplementation decreases DNA damage in studied MSUD research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Liepinsh E et al. (2011). Mildronate investigation alters γ-butyrobetaine and l-carnitine concentrations in… [PMID: 21827492]
Laboratory literature summary: Mildronate investigation alters γ-butyrobetaine and l-carnitine concentrations in healthy research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Moustafa AM et al. (2011). The possible role of L-carnitine on the skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats [PMID: 21505960]
Laboratory literature summary: The possible role of L-carnitine on the skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Di Cesare Mannelli L et al. (2007). Protective effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on the apoptotic pathway of peripheral neuropathy [PMID: 17714181]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on the apoptotic pathway of peripheral neuropathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Di Iorio BR et al. (2007). Effect of L-carnitine administration on erythropoietin use in thalassemic minor… [PMID: 17132710]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine administration on erythropoietin use in thalassemic minor haemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Panneerselvam KS et al. (2006). REMOVED: l-Carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid improves mitochondrial function during… [PMID: 16690174]
Laboratory literature summary: REMOVED: l-Carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid improves mitochondrial function during ageing process. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gooding JM et al. (2004). Membrane transport of fatty acylcarnitine and free L-carnitine by rat liver microsomes [PMID: 15009207]
Laboratory literature summary: Membrane transport of fatty acylcarnitine and free L-carnitine by rat liver microsomes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tolba RH et al. (2003). L-carnitine ameliorates abnormal vulnerability of steatotic rat livers to cold… [PMID: 14688515]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine ameliorates abnormal vulnerability of steatotic rat livers to cold ischemic preservation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kocer I et al. (2003). Protection of the retina from ischemia-reperfusion injury by L-carnitine in guinea pigs [PMID: 12635679]
Laboratory literature summary: Protection of the retina from ischemia-reperfusion injury by L-carnitine in guinea pigs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Janssens GP et al. (2000). L-carnitine supplementation in breeding pigeons: impact on zootechnical performance… [PMID: 11286283]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation in breeding pigeons: impact on zootechnical performance and carnitine metabolism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ido Y et al. (1994). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 7958501]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Virmani MA et al. (1994). L-carnitine uptake into primary rat cortical cultures: interaction with GABA [PMID: 7984034]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine uptake into primary rat cortical cultures: interaction with GABA. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Micheletti R et al. (1994). Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents myocardial mechanical alterations due to pressure… [PMID: 8023981]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents myocardial mechanical alterations due to pressure overload in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arrigo A et al. (1990). Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on reaction times in research subjects with… [PMID: 2387660]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on reaction times in research subjects with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Harper P et al. (1988). Pharmacokinetics of bolus intravenous and oral doses of L-carnitine in healthy subjects [PMID: 3220097]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics of bolus intravenous and oral doses of L-carnitine in healthy subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Greig C et al. (1987). The effect of oral supplementation with L-carnitine on maximum and submaximum exercise… [PMID: 3305002]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of oral supplementation with L-carnitine on maximum and submaximum exercise capacity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yderstraede KB et al. (1987). The effect of L-carnitine on lipid metabolism in research subjects on chronic… [PMID: 3110681]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of L-carnitine on lipid metabolism in research subjects on chronic haemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fornasari DMM (2026). Acetyl-L-Carnitine in the investigation of Peripheral Neuropathies: A Narrative Review [PMID: 41824218]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-Carnitine in the investigation of Peripheral Neuropathies: A Narrative Review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li X et al. (2025). Biallelic variants in BBOX1 cause L-Carnitine deficiency and elevated γ-butyrobetaine [PMID: 41022783]
Laboratory literature summary: Biallelic variants in BBOX1 cause L-Carnitine deficiency and elevated γ-butyrobetaine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Darzi Nia A et al. (2025). Biological effects of L-carnitine on ovine oocyte maturation and embryo development [PMID: 39976909]
Laboratory literature summary: Biological effects of L-carnitine on ovine oocyte maturation and embryo development. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Posridee K et al. (2025). Role of Ginseng and L-Carnitine in Modulating Exercise Endurance and Oxidative Stress… [PMID: 39940426]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of Ginseng and L-Carnitine in Modulating Exercise Endurance and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jewell DE et al. (2024). Betaine and L-Carnitine Synergistically Influence the Metabolome and Immune Response… [PMID: 38338001]
Laboratory literature summary: Betaine and L-Carnitine Synergistically Influence the Metabolome and Immune Response in Dogs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Freo U et al. (2021). Analgesic and Antidepressant Effects of the laboratory Glutamate Modulators… [PMID: 34045938]
Laboratory literature summary: Analgesic and Antidepressant Effects of the laboratory Glutamate Modulators Acetyl-L-Carnitine and Ketamine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lin TJ et al. (2019). A comparison of L-carnitine and several cardiovascular-related biomarkers between… [PMID: 31202134]
Laboratory literature summary: A comparison of L-carnitine and several cardiovascular-related biomarkers between healthy vegetarians and omnivores. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Matsui H et al. (2018). L-Carnitine supplementation reduces the general fatigue of oncology research models… [PMID: 29456846]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine supplementation reduces the general fatigue of oncology research models research subjects during chemotherapy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Robinson BL et al. (2015). Opposing effects of ketamine and acetyl L-carnitine on the serotonergic system of… [PMID: 26365406]
Laboratory literature summary: Opposing effects of ketamine and acetyl L-carnitine on the serotonergic system of zebrafish. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kaya O et al. (2015). L-carnitine reduces acute lung injury in experimental biliary obstruction [PMID: 26318460]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine reduces acute lung injury in experimental biliary obstruction. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Romigi A et al. (2015). Oral L-carnitine as investigation for narcolepsy without cataplexy during… [PMID: 25475151]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral L-carnitine as investigation for narcolepsy without cataplexy during developmental research context: a case report. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Peirano RI et al. (2012). Topically applied L-carnitine effectively reduces sebum secretion in research subjects… [PMID: 22360332]
Laboratory literature summary: Topically applied L-carnitine effectively reduces sebum secretion in research subjects skin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Papaseit E et al. (2012). A case of acute valproic acid poisoning studied successfully with L-carnitine [PMID: 22223129]
Laboratory literature summary: A case of acute valproic acid poisoning studied successfully with L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ruggenenti P et al. (2010). Oral acetyl-L-carnitine research protocol and insulin resistance [PMID: 20439816]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral acetyl-L-carnitine research protocol and insulin resistance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malaguarnera M et al. (2009). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 19056606]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Zhu X et al. (2008). Acetyl-L-carnitine suppresses apoptosis of thioredoxin 2-deficient DT40 cells [PMID: 18713618]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine suppresses apoptosis of thioredoxin 2-deficient DT40 cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cheng HJ et al. (2008). [laboratory observed endpoints of combined L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on… [PMID: 18390180]
Laboratory literature summary: [laboratory observed endpoints of combined L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on idiopathic asthenospermia]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zou W et al. (2005). Dietary L-carnitine enhances the lymphatic absorption of fat and alpha-tocopherol in… [PMID: 15795429]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary L-carnitine enhances the lymphatic absorption of fat and alpha-tocopherol in ovariectomized rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Levine J et al. (2005). Effect of intraperitoneal acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) on anxiety-like behaviours in rats [PMID: 15383157]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of intraperitoneal acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) on anxiety-like behaviours in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Strano A (2002). Propionyl-L-Carnitine versus Pentoxifylline: Improvement in Walking Capacity in… [PMID: 23315429]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-Carnitine versus Pentoxifylline: Improvement in Walking Capacity in research subjects with Intermittent Claudication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Löster H et al. (2001). L-carnitine reduces malondialdehyde concentrations in isolated rat hearts in… [PMID: 11269669]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine reduces malondialdehyde concentrations in isolated rat hearts in dependence on perfusion conditions. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Swamy-Mruthinti S et al. (1999). Acetyl- L -carnitine decreases glycation of lens proteins: in vitro studies [PMID: 10375455]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl- L -carnitine decreases glycation of lens proteins: in vitro studies. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Savica V et al. (1992). [The hypotriglyceridemic action of the combination of L-carnitine + simvastatin vs.… [PMID: 1559317]
Laboratory literature summary: [The hypotriglyceridemic action of the combination of L-carnitine + simvastatin vs. L-carnitine and vs. simvastatin]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ghidini O et al. (1988). Evaluation of the investigational observed endpoints of L-carnitine in congestive… [PMID: 3403101]
Laboratory literature summary: Evaluation of the investigational observed endpoints of L-carnitine in congestive heart failure. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Simone C et al. (1982). Reversibility by L-carnitine of immunosuppression induced by an emulsion of soya bean… [PMID: 6891257]
Laboratory literature summary: Reversibility by L-carnitine of immunosuppression induced by an emulsion of soya bean oil, glycerol and egg lecithin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Avogaro P et al. (1981). Acute effects of L-carnitine on FFA and beta-OH-butyrate in man [PMID: 7291278]
Laboratory literature summary: Acute effects of L-carnitine on FFA and beta-OH-butyrate in man. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kleber HP et al. (1967). [Formation of 3-dehydrocarnitine from L-carnitine through the action of a Pseudomonas… [PMID: 4968678]
Laboratory literature summary: [Formation of 3-dehydrocarnitine from L-carnitine through the action of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa enzyme]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Held-Hoelker E et al. (2024). L-Carnitine sustainably affects bioenergetic profile of bovine blastocysts and… [PMID: 38917030]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine sustainably affects bioenergetic profile of bovine blastocysts and transcriptome profile of elongation-stage embryos. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Virmani MA et al. (2022). The Role of l-Carnitine in Mitochondria, Prevention of Metabolic Inflexibility and… [PMID: 35269860]
Laboratory literature summary: The Role of l-Carnitine in Mitochondria, Prevention of Metabolic Inflexibility and Disease Initiation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang S et al. (2020). Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Acetyl-L-Carnitine on Atherosclerotic Rats [PMID: 31945029]
Laboratory literature summary: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Acetyl-L-Carnitine on Atherosclerotic Rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fu LL et al. (2018). [L-carnitine protects the motion parameters and mitochondrial function of research… [PMID: 32212482]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine protects the motion parameters and mitochondrial function of research subjects sperm in cryopreservation]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jacques F et al. (2018). Physiology of L-carnitine in plants in light of the knowledge in animals and… [PMID: 30080631]
Laboratory literature summary: Physiology of L-carnitine in plants in light of the knowledge in animals and microorganisms. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Puskarich MA et al. (2015). Pharmacometabolomics of l-carnitine investigation response phenotypes in research… [PMID: 25496487]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacometabolomics of l-carnitine investigation response phenotypes in research subjects with septic shock. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Koeth RA et al. (2014). Γ-Butyrobetaine is a proatherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of… [PMID: 25440057]
Laboratory literature summary: γ-Butyrobetaine is a proatherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L-carnitine to TMAO. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Traina G et al. (2013). Acetyl-l-carnitine prevents serotonin-induced behavioural sensitization and… [PMID: 23906768]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine prevents serotonin-induced behavioural sensitization and dishabituation in Hirudo medicinalis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shadboorestan A et al. (2015). The chemoprotective effects of L-carnitine against genotoxicity induced by diazinon in… [PMID: 23843223]
Laboratory literature summary: The chemoprotective effects of L-carnitine against genotoxicity induced by diazinon in rat blood lymphocyte. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Aliabadi E et al. (2013). Effects of L-carnitine and pentoxifylline on carbohydrate distribution of mouse… [PMID: 23825890]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine and pentoxifylline on carbohydrate distribution of mouse testicular sperm membrane. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Derosa G et al. (2010). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 20683173]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Vivoli E et al. (2010). Retracted: Acetyl-L-carnitine increases artemin level and prevents neurotrophic factor… [PMID: 20302919]
Laboratory literature summary: Retracted: Acetyl-L-carnitine increases artemin level and prevents neurotrophic factor alterations during neuropathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tufekci O et al. (2009). Evaluation of the effect of acetyl L-carnitine on experimental cisplatin nephrotoxicity [PMID: 19996591]
Laboratory literature summary: Evaluation of the effect of acetyl L-carnitine on experimental cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Le Borgne F et al. (2008). Hormonal and nutritional control of L-carnitine uptake in myoblastic C2C12 cells [PMID: 18508344]
Laboratory literature summary: Hormonal and nutritional control of L-carnitine uptake in myoblastic C2C12 cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Govindasamy L et al. (2004). Structural and mutational characterization of L-carnitine binding to research subjects… [PMID: 15099582]
Laboratory literature summary: Structural and mutational characterization of L-carnitine binding to research subjects carnitine acetyltransferase. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sener G et al. (2004). L-carnitine ameliorates oxidative damage due to chronic renal failure in rats [PMID: 15071358]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine ameliorates oxidative damage due to chronic renal failure in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Akbaş Y et al. (2003). The effect of L-carnitine on the prevention of experimentally induced myringosclerosis… [PMID: 14553908]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of L-carnitine on the prevention of experimentally induced myringosclerosis in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chang B et al. (2002). L-Carnitine inhibits cisplatin-induced injury of the kidney and small intestine [PMID: 12176057]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine inhibits cisplatin-induced injury of the kidney and small intestine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mangano NG et al. (2000). [In vitro effects of L-carnitine on the inhibition of sperm mobility induced by FANS] [PMID: 10958050]
Laboratory literature summary: [In vitro effects of L-carnitine on the inhibition of sperm mobility induced by FANS]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zeyner A et al. (1999). Metabolic functions of L-carnitine and its effects as feed additive in horses. A review [PMID: 10548966]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolic functions of L-carnitine and its effects as feed additive in horses. A review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Terada R et al. (1998). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 9797035]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Tatlican O et al. (1998). The exposure level-dependent effects of L-carnitine in myocardial protection in… [PMID: 9610827]
Laboratory literature summary: The exposure level-dependent effects of L-carnitine in myocardial protection in normothermic ischemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Scarpini E et al. (1996). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 10975724]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Dubelaar ML et al. (1991). Acute effect of L-carnitine on skeletal muscle force tests in dogs [PMID: 1996622]
Laboratory literature summary: Acute effect of L-carnitine on skeletal muscle force tests in dogs. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (1991). Focus on propionyl-L-carnitine. A symposium. 23-25 October, 1989, Rome, Italy [PMID: 1674426]
Laboratory literature summary: Focus on propionyl-L-carnitine. A symposium. 23-25 October, 1989, Rome, Italy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Harper P et al. (1988). Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral bolus doses of L-carnitine in healthy subjects [PMID: 3234464]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral bolus doses of L-carnitine in healthy subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Welling PG et al. (1979). Pharmacokinetics of l-carnitine in man following intravenous infusion of dl-carnitine [PMID: 422302]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics of l-carnitine in man following intravenous infusion of dl-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Akter MM et al. (2025). L-Carnitine Modulates Oocyte Development and Cumulus Expansion in Tropical Ruminants:… [PMID: 40931374]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Modulates Oocyte Development and Cumulus Expansion in Tropical Ruminants: Experimental and Bioinformatics Insights. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kuwasawa-Iwasaki M et al. (2020). Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation in research subjects Receiving Hemodialysis or… [PMID: 33139659]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation in research subjects Receiving Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wong GK et al. (2017). L-carnitine reduces susceptibility to bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity: an… [PMID: 28032304]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine reduces susceptibility to bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity: an experimental study in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gibb Z et al. (2015). L-carnitine and pyruvate are prosurvival factors during the storage of stallion… [PMID: 26316064]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and pyruvate are prosurvival factors during the storage of stallion spermatozoa at room temperature. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cao Y et al. (2011). Single exposure level administration of L-carnitine improves antioxidant activities in… [PMID: 21701126]
Laboratory literature summary: Single exposure level administration of L-carnitine improves antioxidant activities in healthy subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gómez-Oliván LM et al. (2011). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 21471608]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Youle M (2007). Acetyl-L-carnitine in HIV-associated antiretroviral toxic neuropathy [PMID: 17696590]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in HIV-associated antiretroviral toxic neuropathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Steinman TI et al. (2003). L-carnitine use in dialysis research subjects: is national coverage for… [PMID: 12715624]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine use in dialysis research subjects: is national coverage for supplementation justified? What were CMS regulators thinking–or…. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mauss S et al. (2001). L-Carnitine in the investigation of HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome [PMID: 11737377]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine in the investigation of HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Matsumoto Y et al. (2001). Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on renal anemia in poor responders to… [PMID: 11114574]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on renal anemia in poor responders to erythropoietin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Manjón A et al. (2000). Determination of L-carnitine by flow parenteral-route administration analysis with… [PMID: 10870832]
Laboratory literature summary: Determination of L-carnitine by flow parenteral-route administration analysis with NADH fluorescence detection. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shortland GJ et al. (1998). Randomised controlled trial of L-carnitine as a nutritional supplement in preterm infants [PMID: 9713029]
Laboratory literature summary: Randomised controlled trial of L-carnitine as a nutritional supplement in preterm infants. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
de los Reyes B et al. (1998). Effects of L-carnitine on erythrocyte acyl-CoA, free CoA, and glycerophospholipid… [PMID: 9497180]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on erythrocyte acyl-CoA, free CoA, and glycerophospholipid acyltransferase in uremia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lligona-Trulla L et al. (1997). Acetyl-L-carnitine flux to lipids in cells estimated using isotopomer spectral analysis [PMID: 9254070]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine flux to lipids in cells estimated using isotopomer spectral analysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Abdel-aleem S et al. (1995). Stimulation of non-oxidative glucose utilization by L-carnitine in isolated myocytes [PMID: 8596197]
Laboratory literature summary: Stimulation of non-oxidative glucose utilization by L-carnitine in isolated myocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Torielli L et al. (1995). Alterations in energy metabolism of hypertrophied rat cardiomyocytes: influence of… [PMID: 8583777]
Laboratory literature summary: Alterations in energy metabolism of hypertrophied rat cardiomyocytes: influence of propionyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Taglialatela G et al. (1991). Acetyl-L-carnitine enhances the response of PC12 cells to nerve growth factor [PMID: 1655307]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine enhances the response of PC12 cells to nerve growth factor. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marzo A et al. (1990). Chromatographic and non-chromatographic assay of L-carnitine family components [PMID: 2201692]
Laboratory literature summary: Chromatographic and non-chromatographic assay of L-carnitine family components. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Foster CV et al. (1989). Effect of oral L-carnitine on its concentration in the plasma of yearling Thoroughbred… [PMID: 2773253]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of oral L-carnitine on its concentration in the plasma of yearling Thoroughbred horses. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rizzon P et al. (1989). High doses of L-carnitine in acute myocardial infarction: metabolic and antiarrhythmic… [PMID: 2668006]
Laboratory literature summary: High doses of L-carnitine in acute myocardial infarction: metabolic and antiarrhythmic effects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Khoss AE et al. (1989). [L-carnitine research protocol and myocardial function in children studied with… [PMID: 2913722]
Laboratory literature summary: [L-carnitine research protocol and myocardial function in children studied with chronic hemodialysis]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Holme E et al. (1982). Uncoupling in the gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase reaction by D- and L-carnitine [PMID: 7126226]
Laboratory literature summary: Uncoupling in the gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase reaction by D- and L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Strack E et al. (1979). [Formation in vivo of gamma-butyrobetaine from exogenous L(-)-carnitine in mice and rats] [PMID: 422127]
Laboratory literature summary: [Formation in vivo of gamma-butyrobetaine from exogenous L(-)-carnitine in mice and rats]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chow EY et al. (2026). L-Carnitine in Dermatology: A Systematic Review of investigational Potential and… [PMID: 41879202]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine in Dermatology: A Systematic Review of investigational Potential and Biomarker Applications. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Topcu A et al. (2022). Effect of L-carnitine on regeneration in experimental partial hepatectomy model in rats [PMID: 36588511]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on regeneration in experimental partial hepatectomy model in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mansour HH et al. (2021). Effect of l-carnitine on cardiotoxicity and apoptosis induced by imatinib through… [PMID: 33844974]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of l-carnitine on cardiotoxicity and apoptosis induced by imatinib through PDGF/ PPARγ /MAPK pathways. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gu Q et al. (2021). Effects of acetyl L-carnitine on zebrafish embryos: Phenotypic and gene expression studies [PMID: 32691447]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of acetyl L-carnitine on zebrafish embryos: Phenotypic and gene expression studies. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Katalinic L et al. (2018). The Unexpected Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Lipid Metabolism in… [PMID: 30016788]
Laboratory literature summary: The Unexpected Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Lipid Metabolism in Hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Angarita Dávila L et al. (2017). [Role of the stevia and L-carnitine of a nutritional supplement on glycemic impact in… [PMID: 29280664]
Laboratory literature summary: [Role of the stevia and L-carnitine of a nutritional supplement on glycemic impact in adults]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jin YZ et al. (2014). Effects of acetaldehyde and L-carnitine on morphology and enzyme activity of… [PMID: 25179225]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of acetaldehyde and L-carnitine on morphology and enzyme activity of myocardial mitochondria in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Manee-In S et al. (2014). L-carnitine Supplemented Extender Improves Cryopreserved-thawed Cat Epididymal Sperm… [PMID: 25050016]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine Supplemented Extender Improves Cryopreserved-thawed Cat Epididymal Sperm Motility. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Orer GE et al. (2014). The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on endurance performance of athletes [PMID: 24263659]
Laboratory literature summary: The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on endurance performance of athletes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gröber U et al. (2013). [Micronutrients in oncology. Current data about vitamin D, selenium, L-carnitine and… [PMID: 23654153]
Laboratory literature summary: [Micronutrients in oncology. Current data about vitamin D, selenium, L-carnitine and vitamin C]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Takahashi T et al. (2013). Supplementation of culture medium with L-carnitine improves development and… [PMID: 22954232]
Laboratory literature summary: Supplementation of culture medium with L-carnitine improves development and cryotolerance of bovine embryos produced in vitro. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Evans JD et al. (2008). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 18940920]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Pacheco A et al. (2008). [Study of aerobic capacity in chronic hemodialized research subjects: effect of… [PMID: 18405497]
Laboratory literature summary: [Study of aerobic capacity in chronic hemodialized research subjects: effect of L-carnitine supplementation]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhai W et al. (2008). The effect of in ovo parenteral-route administration of L-carnitine on hatchability of… [PMID: 18281586]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of in ovo parenteral-route administration of L-carnitine on hatchability of white leghorns. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Malaguarnera M et al. (2008). Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) investigation in elderly research subjects with fatigue [PMID: 17658628]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) investigation in elderly research subjects with fatigue. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Melton SA et al. (2005). L-carnitine supplementation does not promote body-composition research in… [PMID: 15929637]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation does not promote body-composition research in ovariectomized rats despite endurance exercise. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fregonesi CE et al. (2005). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 15771670]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
O'Donnell J et al. (2002). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 11927706]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Hirose S et al. (1997). Carnitine depletion during total parenteral nutrition despite oral L-carnitine… [PMID: 9141253]
Laboratory literature summary: Carnitine depletion during total parenteral nutrition despite oral L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Keene BW et al. (1991). Myocardial L-carnitine deficiency in a family of dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy [PMID: 2019534]
Laboratory literature summary: Myocardial L-carnitine deficiency in a family of dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Uematsu T et al. (1988). Pharmacokinetics and laboratory profile of l-carnitine infused i.v. in healthy subjects [PMID: 3383994]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetics and laboratory profile of l-carnitine infused i.v. in healthy subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Liguori A et al. (1986). Bioorganic applications of mass spectrometry. Part 5. Transmethylation reactions of… [PMID: 22283246]
Laboratory literature summary: Bioorganic applications of mass spectrometry. Part 5. Transmethylation reactions of L-carnitine in energized condensed phase. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gross CJ et al. (1984). Absorption of D- and L-carnitine by the intestine and kidney tubule in the rat [PMID: 6722145]
Laboratory literature summary: Absorption of D- and L-carnitine by the intestine and kidney tubule in the rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Clair F et al. (1984). [Myasthenic syndrome induced by D,L-carnitine in a chronic hemodialysis research subjects] [PMID: 6232557]
Laboratory literature summary: [Myasthenic syndrome induced by D,L-carnitine in a chronic hemodialysis research subjects]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Seccombe D et al. (1984). Oral L-carnitine administration after jejunoileal by-pass surgery [PMID: 6519903]
Laboratory literature summary: Oral L-carnitine administration after jejunoileal by-pass surgery. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Author et al. (2026). Retraction: "The chemoprotective effects of l-carnitine against genotoxicity induced… [PMID: 41797384]
Laboratory literature summary: Retraction: "The chemoprotective effects of l-carnitine against genotoxicity induced by diazinon in rat blood lymphocyte". Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mokhtari M et al. (2026). The supplementation of Lake medium with L-carnitine preserves quality and fertilizing… [PMID: 40816114]
Laboratory literature summary: The supplementation of Lake medium with L-carnitine preserves quality and fertilizing potential of cryopreserved rooster sperm. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang W et al. (2024). L-Carnitine in the investigation of Psychiatric and Neurological Manifestations: A… [PMID: 38674921]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine in the investigation of Psychiatric and Neurological Manifestations: A Systematic Review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sassi S et al. (2023). Retrospective observational study on the use of acetyl-L-carnitine in ALS [PMID: 37378756]
Laboratory literature summary: Retrospective observational study on the use of acetyl-L-carnitine in ALS. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Henschel JM et al. (2023). Drought stress mitigation by foliar application of L-carnitine and its effect on… [PMID: 37187775]
Laboratory literature summary: Drought stress mitigation by foliar application of L-carnitine and its effect on radish morphophysiology. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wang SP et al. (2019). [Decreased expression of CatSper1 in the sperm of varicocele rats and protective… [PMID: 32233230]
Laboratory literature summary: [Decreased expression of CatSper1 in the sperm of varicocele rats and protective effect of L-carnitine]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Miwa T et al. (2020). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 31864971]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Chen H et al. (2018). L-Carnitine and extendin-4 improve outcomes following moderate brain contusion injury [PMID: 30046063]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine and extendin-4 improve outcomes following moderate brain contusion injury. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kheirouri S et al. (2018). Response to 'Does l-Carnitine Supplementation Improve Sleep Quality in Children with… [PMID: 30024104]
Laboratory literature summary: Response to 'Does l-Carnitine Supplementation Improve Sleep Quality in Children with Autism?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Shaw A et al. (2017). Multiple AMPK activators inhibit l-carnitine uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes [PMID: 28298333]
Laboratory literature summary: Multiple AMPK activators inhibit l-carnitine uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fattah A et al. (2017). L-carnitine is a survival factor for chilled storage of rooster semen for a long time [PMID: 28042051]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine is a survival factor for chilled storage of rooster semen for a long time. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhang W et al. (2016). Protective effects of l-carnitine on astheno- and normozoospermic research subjects… [PMID: 26081351]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effects of l-carnitine on astheno- and normozoospermic research subjects semen samples during cryopreservation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li HT et al. (2014). Effect of craniotomy on oxidative stress and its effect on plasma L-carnitine levels [PMID: 25310338]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of craniotomy on oxidative stress and its effect on plasma L-carnitine levels. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Benvenga S et al. (2011). Gender differences in locomotor and stereotypic behavior associated with l-carnitine… [PMID: 21497767]
Laboratory literature summary: Gender differences in locomotor and stereotypic behavior associated with l-carnitine investigation in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Fatouros IG et al. (2010). Effects of L-carnitine on oxidative stress responses in research subjects with renal… [PMID: 20216464]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on oxidative stress responses in research subjects with renal disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Smith WA et al. (2008). Effect of glycine propionyl-L-carnitine on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance [PMID: 18272931]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of glycine propionyl-L-carnitine on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Thangasamy T et al. (2008). Role of L-carnitine in the modulation of immune response in aged rats [PMID: 18083121]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of L-carnitine in the modulation of immune response in aged rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Elanchezhian R et al. (2007). Acetyl-L-carnitine prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis in an experimental… [PMID: 18027172]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis in an experimental animal model. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Cibulka R et al. (2007). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone… [PMID: 17622482]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone metabolism in hemodialyzed research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kart A et al. (2007). The possible protective effect of L-carnitine on tilmicosin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice [PMID: 17381679]
Laboratory literature summary: The possible protective effect of L-carnitine on tilmicosin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Benvenga S (2005). Effects of L-carnitine on thyroid hormone metabolism and on physical exercise tolerance [PMID: 16175496]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on thyroid hormone metabolism and on physical exercise tolerance. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chapa AM et al. (1998). Influence of intravenous L-carnitine administration in sheep preceding an oral urea drench [PMID: 9856404]
Laboratory literature summary: Influence of intravenous L-carnitine administration in sheep preceding an oral urea drench. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marzo A et al. (1997). L-Carnitine moiety assay: an up-to-date reappraisal covering the commonest methods for… [PMID: 9449551]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine moiety assay: an up-to-date reappraisal covering the commonest methods for various applications. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Silvestre-Aillaud P et al. (1995). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 8786027]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Taglialatela G et al. (1995). Neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells stimulated by acetyl-L-carnitine arginine amide [PMID: 7739750]
Laboratory literature summary: Neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells stimulated by acetyl-L-carnitine arginine amide. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pettegrew JW et al. (1995). Laboratory and neurochemical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in neurodegeneration… [PMID: 7723928]
Laboratory literature summary: laboratory and neurochemical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in neurodegeneration research models's disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Spagnoli LG et al. (1990). Morphometric evidence of the trophic effect of L-carnitine on research subjects… [PMID: 2352575]
Laboratory literature summary: Morphometric evidence of the trophic effect of L-carnitine on research subjects skeletal muscle. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bach AC et al. (1983). Free and total carnitine in research subjects serum after oral ingestion of L-carnitine [PMID: 6617931]
Laboratory literature summary: Free and total carnitine in research subjects serum after oral ingestion of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhao J et al. (2025). L-carnitine and cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomisation study (abridged… [PMID: 40038087]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomisation study (abridged secondary publication). Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhang L et al. (2024). Effect of L-carnitine in Ameliorating Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury… [PMID: 37029860]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine in Ameliorating Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury via MAPK Signaling. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
De Marchi F et al. (2024). Acetyl-L-carnitine and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Current Evidence and Potential use [PMID: 36998125]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Current Evidence and Potential use. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yang Y et al. (2023). L-carnitine attenuated hyperuricemia-associated left ventricular remodeling through… [PMID: 36817129]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine attenuated hyperuricemia-associated left ventricular remodeling through ameliorating cardiomyocytic lipid deposition. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alzoubi KH et al. (2022). L-Carnitine prevents memory impairment induced by post-traumatic stress disorder [PMID: 34974445]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine prevents memory impairment induced by post-traumatic stress disorder. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Wu C et al. (2021). L-carnitine ameliorates the muscle wasting of oncology research models cachexia… [PMID: 34724970]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine ameliorates the muscle wasting of oncology research models cachexia through the AKT/FOXO3a/MaFbx axis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yaşacan M et al. (2020). Polymeric Nanoparticle Versus Liposome Formulations: Comparative Physicochemical and… [PMID: 33156405]
Laboratory literature summary: Polymeric Nanoparticle Versus Liposome Formulations: Comparative Physicochemical and Metabolomic Studies as L-Carnitine Delivery Systems. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sawicka AK et al. (2020). The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review [PMID: 32958033]
Laboratory literature summary: The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kepka A et al. (2020). Preventive Role of L-Carnitine and Balanced Diet in neurodegeneration research… [PMID: 32635400]
Laboratory literature summary: Preventive Role of L-Carnitine and Balanced Diet in neurodegeneration research models's Disease. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Varney JL et al. (2020). L-Carnitine metabolism, protein turnover and energy expenditure in supplemented and… [PMID: 32557872]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine metabolism, protein turnover and energy expenditure in supplemented and exercised Labrador Retrievers. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Karalis DT et al. (2020). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 32523839]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Mehaba N et al. (2019). Lactational Responses of Heat-Stressed Dairy Goats to Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation [PMID: 31426431]
Laboratory literature summary: Lactational Responses of Heat-Stressed Dairy Goats to Dietary L-Carnitine Supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zou YJ et al. (2017). Acetyl-L-carnitine: An effective antioxidant against cryo-damage on research subjects… [PMID: 29270753]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine: An effective antioxidant against cryo-damage on research subjects spermatozoa with asthenospermia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gleser MG et al. (2015). [Effect of L-Carnitine on QT Dispersion in research subjects With Acute Coronary Syndrome] [PMID: 26320283]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effect of L-Carnitine on QT Dispersion in research subjects With Acute Coronary Syndrome]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chee R et al. (2014). L-carnitine investigation in a seriously ill oncology research models research… [PMID: 25079466]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine investigation in a seriously ill oncology research models research subjects with severe hyperthyroidism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Banihani SA et al. (2015). L-carnitine is a calcium chelator: a reason for its useful and toxic effects in… [PMID: 25046310]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine is a calcium chelator: a reason for its useful and toxic effects in biological systems. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Scioli MG et al. (2014). Propionyl-L-Carnitine is Efficacious in Ulcerative Colitis Through its Action on the… [PMID: 24646507]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-Carnitine is Efficacious in Ulcerative Colitis Through its Action on the Immune Function and Microvasculature. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hakeshzadeh F et al. (2010). Effects of L-Carnitine supplement on plasma coagulation and anticoagulation factors in… [PMID: 20863217]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-Carnitine supplement on plasma coagulation and anticoagulation factors in hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Najafi M et al. (2010). Pharmacological preconditioning with L-carnitine: relevance to myocardial hemodynamic… [PMID: 20566435]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacological preconditioning with L-carnitine: relevance to myocardial hemodynamic function and glycogen and lactate content. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yari A et al. (2010). Cadmium toxicity in spermatogenesis and protective effects of L-carnitine in adult… [PMID: 20012383]
Laboratory literature summary: Cadmium toxicity in spermatogenesis and protective effects of L-carnitine in adult research models rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Feher J (2008). L-carnitine and its derivatives: a promising future in the investigation of ocular… [PMID: 19105590]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and its derivatives: a promising future in the investigation of ocular disorders. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Chowdhury P et al. (2007). L-carnitine influence on oxidative stress induced by hind limb unloading in adult rats [PMID: 17571653]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine influence on oxidative stress induced by hind limb unloading in adult rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kopelevich VM (2005). [Vitamine-like substances L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine: from biochemical studies… [PMID: 16568602]
Laboratory literature summary: [Vitamine-like substances L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine: from biochemical studies to medicine]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ramanau A et al. (2002). Reproductive performance of sows supplemented with dietary L-carnitine over three… [PMID: 12462913]
Laboratory literature summary: Reproductive performance of sows supplemented with dietary L-carnitine over three reproductive cycles. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hurot JM et al. (2002). Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance hemodialysis research subjects:… [PMID: 11856775]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance hemodialysis research subjects: a systematic review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Yokogawa K et al. (1999). Decreased tissue distribution of L-carnitine in juvenile visceral steatosis mice [PMID: 10087008]
Laboratory literature summary: Decreased tissue distribution of L-carnitine in juvenile visceral steatosis mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lowitt S et al. (1995). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 7752919]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Spagnoli LG et al. (1995). Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in aged… [PMID: 7605374]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in aged hyperlipemic rabbits. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kobayashi A et al. (1994). Effect of L-carnitine on mitochondrial acyl CoA esters in the ischemic dog heart [PMID: 8072006]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on mitochondrial acyl CoA esters in the ischemic dog heart. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tainaka H et al. (1993). Modulation of ethanol-mediated CYP2E1 induction by clofibrate and L-carnitine in rat liver [PMID: 8130774]
Laboratory literature summary: Modulation of ethanol-mediated CYP2E1 induction by clofibrate and L-carnitine in rat liver. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Glöggler A et al. (1989). Effect of low exposure level supplementation of L-carnitine on lipid metabolism in… [PMID: 2636667]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of low exposure level supplementation of L-carnitine on lipid metabolism in hemodialyzed children. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ward BJ et al. (1986). Effect of L-carnitine on cultured murine melanoma cells exposed to azelaic acid [PMID: 3745962]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on cultured murine melanoma cells exposed to azelaic acid. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhuang Y et al. (2025). Mechanistic insights into endometriosis: roles of Streptococcus agalactiae and… [PMID: 40560287]
Laboratory literature summary: Mechanistic insights into endometriosis: roles of Streptococcus agalactiae and L-carnitine in lesion development and angiogenesis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lagares MA et al. (2025). L-Carnitine enhances porcine sperm quality, longevity, and zona pellucida binding in… [PMID: 40013121]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine enhances porcine sperm quality, longevity, and zona pellucida binding in cooled semen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Raij T et al. (2024). Association between fatigue, peripheral serotonin, and L-carnitine in hypothyroidism… [PMID: 38505756]
Laboratory literature summary: Association between fatigue, peripheral serotonin, and L-carnitine in hypothyroidism and in chronic fatigue syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rousta N et al. (2021). Production of L-carnitine-enriched edible filamentous fungal biomass through submerged… [PMID: 33323030]
Laboratory literature summary: Production of L-carnitine-enriched edible filamentous fungal biomass through submerged cultivation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Deyhim MR et al. (2020). Protective effect of L-carnitine on platelet apoptosis during storage of platelet… [PMID: 32544525]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine on platelet apoptosis during storage of platelet concentrate. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sherif NA et al. (2020). Observed endpoints of L-carnitine and propranolol in the management of acute… [PMID: 32440337]
Laboratory literature summary: observed endpoints of L-carnitine and propranolol in the management of acute theophylline toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jiang W et al. (2020). L-carnitine supplementation during in vitro culture regulates oxidative stress in… [PMID: 31837632]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine supplementation during in vitro culture regulates oxidative stress in embryos from bovine aged oocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Soumya R et al. (2016). L-carnitine as a Potential Additive in Blood Storage Solutions: A Study on Erythrocytes [PMID: 27429526]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine as a Potential Additive in Blood Storage Solutions: A Study on Erythrocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Valgas da Silva CP et al. (2014). L-Carnitine supplementation impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation in mesenteric… [PMID: 24953351]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine supplementation impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation in mesenteric arteries from rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ibrahim AB et al. (2014). Modulatory effects of L-carnitine on tamoxifen toxicity and oncolytic activity: in… [PMID: 24347302]
Laboratory literature summary: Modulatory effects of L-carnitine on tamoxifen toxicity and oncolytic activity: in vivo study. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marcovina SM et al. (2013). Translating the basic knowledge of mitochondrial functions to metabolic research… [PMID: 23138103]
Laboratory literature summary: Translating the basic knowledge of mitochondrial functions to metabolic research protocol: role of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mingorance C et al. (2011). Critical update for the laboratory use of L-carnitine analogs in cardiometabolic disorders [PMID: 21490942]
Laboratory literature summary: Critical update for the laboratory use of L-carnitine analogs in cardiometabolic disorders. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rat'ko AA et al. (2004). Determination of l-carnitine using enantioselective, potentiometric membrane… [PMID: 18969462]
Laboratory literature summary: Determination of l-carnitine using enantioselective, potentiometric membrane electrodes based on macrocyclic antibiotics. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Coccurello R et al. (2007). Valproate and acetyl-L-carnitine prevent methamphetamine-induced behavioral… [PMID: 18077579]
Laboratory literature summary: Valproate and acetyl-L-carnitine prevent methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sener G et al. (2006). L-Carnitine ameliorates methotrexate-induced oxidative organ injury and inhibits… [PMID: 16463019]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine ameliorates methotrexate-induced oxidative organ injury and inhibits leukocyte death. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Flatters SJ et al. (2006). Acetyl-L-carnitine prevents and reduces paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy [PMID: 16406309]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine prevents and reduces paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mangano NG et al. (2000). Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on ethanol consumption and alcohol abstinence syndrome in… [PMID: 10761531]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on ethanol consumption and alcohol abstinence syndrome in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Aureli T et al. (1998). Acetyl-L-carnitine modulates glucose metabolism and stimulates glycogen synthesis in… [PMID: 9689456]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine modulates glucose metabolism and stimulates glycogen synthesis in rat brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Thompson CH et al. (1997). The effect of propionyl L-carnitine on skeletal muscle metabolism in renal failure [PMID: 9202867]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of propionyl L-carnitine on skeletal muscle metabolism in renal failure. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Evans AM et al. (1997). Excretion and metabolism of propionyl-L-carnitine in the isolated perfused rat kidney [PMID: 9190838]
Laboratory literature summary: Excretion and metabolism of propionyl-L-carnitine in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Terwel D et al. (1995). Brain enzyme activities after intracerebroventricular parenteral-route administration… [PMID: 8666027]
Laboratory literature summary: Brain enzyme activities after intracerebroventricular parenteral-route administration of streptozotocin in rats receiving acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pugliese D et al. (1992). Acute systemic and splanchnic haemodynamic effects of L-carnitine in research subjects… [PMID: 1451645]
Laboratory literature summary: Acute systemic and splanchnic haemodynamic effects of L-carnitine in research subjects with cirrhosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ahmad S et al. (1990). Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis research subjects. II.… [PMID: 2266675]
Laboratory literature summary: Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis research subjects. II. laboratory and biochemical effects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Guarnieri G et al. (1989). Metabolic effects of supplementation of L-carnitine in the dialysate of research… [PMID: 2636666]
Laboratory literature summary: Metabolic effects of supplementation of L-carnitine in the dialysate of research subjects studied with acetate hemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rodriguez-Segade S et al. (1985). Determination of L-carnitine in serum, and implementation on the ABA-100 and… [PMID: 3987004]
Laboratory literature summary: Determination of L-carnitine in serum, and implementation on the ABA-100 and CentrifiChem 600. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Böhles H et al. (1984). The effect of intravenous L-carnitine on propionic acid excretion in acute propionic… [PMID: 6510434]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of intravenous L-carnitine on propionic acid excretion in acute propionic acidaemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Munuera-Cabeza M et al. (2022). Pantothenate and L-Carnitine Supplementation Improves Pathological Alterations in… [PMID: 36553567]
Laboratory literature summary: Pantothenate and L-Carnitine Supplementation Improves Pathological Alterations in Cellular Models of KAT6A Syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Heydari M et al. (2021). Conservation of Buck's Spermatozoa during Cooling Storage Period through Cooling… [PMID: 35546973]
Laboratory literature summary: Conservation of Buck's Spermatozoa during Cooling Storage Period through Cooling Medium Supplementation with L-Carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Davani-Davari D et al. (2019). The Renal laboratory profile of L-Carnitine, L-Arginine, and Glutamine in Athletes and… [PMID: 30341034]
Laboratory literature summary: The Renal laboratory profile of L-Carnitine, L-Arginine, and Glutamine in Athletes and Bodybuilders. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Madsen KL et al. (2018). L-Carnitine Improves Skeletal Muscle Fat Oxidation in Primary Carnitine Deficiency [PMID: 30219858]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Improves Skeletal Muscle Fat Oxidation in Primary Carnitine Deficiency. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Alzoubi KH et al. (2017). L-carnitine prevents memory impairment induced by chronic REM-sleep deprivation [PMID: 28433816]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine prevents memory impairment induced by chronic REM-sleep deprivation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bigio B et al. (2016). Reply to Arduini et al.: Acetyl-l-carnitine and the brain: Epigenetics, energetics,… [PMID: 27621429]
Laboratory literature summary: Reply to Arduini et al.: Acetyl-l-carnitine and the brain: Epigenetics, energetics, and stress. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Murad HA (2016). L-Carnitine, but not coenzyme Q10, enhances the anti-osteoporotic effect of… [PMID: 26739525]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine, but not coenzyme Q10, enhances the anti-osteoporotic effect of atorvastatin in ovariectomized rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Guzmán-Guillén R et al. (2017). Dietary l-carnitine prevents histopathological changes in tilapia (Oreochromis… [PMID: 26714798]
Laboratory literature summary: Dietary l-carnitine prevents histopathological changes in tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) exposed to cylindrospermopsin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhu B et al. (2015). Protective effect of L-carnitine in cyclophosphamide-induced germ cell apoptosis [PMID: 26365120]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine in cyclophosphamide-induced germ cell apoptosis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Eltayeb MM et al. (2013). Identification of residues essential for the activity and substrate affinity of… [PMID: 23794271]
Laboratory literature summary: Identification of residues essential for the activity and substrate affinity of L-carnitine dehydrogenase. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Coşkun N et al. (2013). The protective effects of acetyl L-carnitine on testis gonadotoxicity induced by… [PMID: 25207106]
Laboratory literature summary: The protective effects of acetyl L-carnitine on testis gonadotoxicity induced by Cisplatin in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ling B et al. (2012). Systematic Evaluation of Key L-Carnitine Homeostasis Mechanisms during Postnatal… [PMID: 22805277]
Laboratory literature summary: Systematic Evaluation of Key L-Carnitine Homeostasis Mechanisms during Postnatal Development in Rat. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Szefel J et al. (2012). L-carnitine and oncology research models cachexia. I. L-carnitine distribution and… [PMID: 22562434]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and oncology research models cachexia. I. L-carnitine distribution and metabolic disorders in oncology research models cachexia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Uzunoglu S et al. (2011). Protective effect of L-carnitine versus amifostine against cisplatin-induced… [PMID: 21140244]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective effect of L-carnitine versus amifostine against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Derosa G et al. (2011). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 21077943]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Palermo V et al. (2010). Acetyl-L-carnitine protects yeast cells from apoptosis and aging and inhibits… [PMID: 20550520]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine protects yeast cells from apoptosis and aging and inhibits mitochondrial fission. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Arafa HM et al. (2009). Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats [PMID: 19371263]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kostopoulos VK et al. (2009). Effects of acetylo-L-carnitine in end-to-side neurorrhaphy: a pilot study [PMID: 19308954]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of acetylo-L-carnitine in end-to-side neurorrhaphy: a pilot study. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Janiri L et al. (2009). Acetyl-L-carnitine in the management of pain during methadone withdrawal syndrome [PMID: 18978503]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine in the management of pain during methadone withdrawal syndrome. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rajasekar P et al. (2007). Effects of L-carnitine on RBC membrane composition and function in hyperinsulinemic rats [PMID: 17511355]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine on RBC membrane composition and function in hyperinsulinemic rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Stephens FB et al. (2007). A threshold exists for the stimulatory effect of insulin on plasma L-carnitine… [PMID: 17047160]
Laboratory literature summary: A threshold exists for the stimulatory effect of insulin on plasma L-carnitine clearance in research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ristori C et al. (2006). Acetyl-L-carnitine affects nonassociative learning processes in the leech Hirudo… [PMID: 16916587]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine affects nonassociative learning processes in the leech Hirudo medicinalis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Vernez L et al. (2006). Effect of L-carnitine on the kinetics of carnitine, acylcarnitines and butyrobetaine… [PMID: 16286428]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on the kinetics of carnitine, acylcarnitines and butyrobetaine in long-term haemodialysis. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ghirardi O et al. (2005). Acetyl-L-Carnitine prevents and reverts experimental chronic neurotoxicity induced by… [PMID: 16080512]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-Carnitine prevents and reverts experimental chronic neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin, without altering its antitumor properties. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ferrari R et al. (2004). Investigational effects of L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine on cardiovascular… [PMID: 15591005]
Laboratory literature summary: investigational effects of L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine on cardiovascular diseases: a review. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Durán JM et al. (2005). OCTN3: A Na+-independent L-carnitine transporter in enterocytes basolateral membrane [PMID: 15389639]
Laboratory literature summary: OCTN3: A Na+-independent L-carnitine transporter in enterocytes basolateral membrane. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Muraki K et al. (2003). A novel action of palmitoyl-L-carnitine in research subjects vascular endothelial cells [PMID: 12890891]
Laboratory literature summary: A novel action of palmitoyl-L-carnitine in research subjects vascular endothelial cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Uzuner N et al. (2002). The role of L-carnitine in investigation of a murine model of asthma [PMID: 12685858]
Laboratory literature summary: The role of L-carnitine in investigation of a murine model of asthma. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sharman EH et al. (2002). Reversal of biochemical and behavioral parameters of brain aging by melatonin and… [PMID: 12445964]
Laboratory literature summary: Reversal of biochemical and behavioral parameters of brain aging by melatonin and acetyl L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Jung H et al. (2002). CaiT of Escherichia coli, a new transporter catalyzing L-carnitine/gamma… [PMID: 12163501]
Laboratory literature summary: CaiT of Escherichia coli, a new transporter catalyzing L-carnitine/gamma -butyrobetaine exchange. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Gazola VA et al. (2002). Effect of diet supplementation with l-carnitine on hepatic catabolism of l-alanine in rats [PMID: 11931701]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of diet supplementation with l-carnitine on hepatic catabolism of l-alanine in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Virmani MA et al. (1995). Protective actions of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on the neurotoxicity evoked… [PMID: 8736490]
Laboratory literature summary: Protective actions of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on the neurotoxicity evoked by mitochondrial uncoupling or inhibitors. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Dubelaar ML et al. (1994). L-carnitine combined with minimal electrical stimulation promotes type transformation… [PMID: 8045843]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine combined with minimal electrical stimulation promotes type transformation of canine latissimus dorsi. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kentroti S et al. (1992). Acetyl-L-carnitine has a neuromodulatory influence on neuronal phenotypes during early… [PMID: 1477960]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine has a neuromodulatory influence on neuronal phenotypes during early embryogenesis in the chick embryo. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Schwenk WF et al. (1988). Decreased fasting free fatty acids with L-carnitine in children with carnitine deficiency [PMID: 3290828]
Laboratory literature summary: Decreased fasting free fatty acids with L-carnitine in children with carnitine deficiency. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hannuniemi R et al. (1988). L-carnitine uptake by mouse brain synaptosomal preparations: competitive inhibition by… [PMID: 3393261]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine uptake by mouse brain synaptosomal preparations: competitive inhibition by GABA. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Pekgoz S et al. (2026). L-carnitine protects against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity via regulation of… [PMID: 41874608]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine protects against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity via regulation of apoptosis and metabolic pathways. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kalkan KT et al. (2026). Monosodium Glutamate Exposure and Liver Damage: Modulatory Effects of L-Carnitine on… [PMID: 41429425]
Laboratory literature summary: Monosodium Glutamate Exposure and Liver Damage: Modulatory Effects of L-Carnitine on Inflammation and Autophagy. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Salaffi F et al. (2023). Palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl-L-carnitine act synergistically with duloxetine and… [PMID: 37378482]
Laboratory literature summary: Palmitoylethanolamide and acetyl-L-carnitine act synergistically with duloxetine and pregabalin in fibromyalgia: results of a randomised…. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Liu HX et al. (2022). Logistic role of carnitine shuttle system on radiation-induced L-carnitine and… [PMID: 35384773]
Laboratory literature summary: Logistic role of carnitine shuttle system on radiation-induced L-carnitine and acylcarnitines alteration. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ito S et al. (2022). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 35104825]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Lee C et al. (2021). L-Asparaginase-Induced Hepatotoxicity studied Successfully With L-Carnitine and… [PMID: 34513489]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Asparaginase-Induced Hepatotoxicity studied Successfully With L-Carnitine and Vitamin B Infusion. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Rausch CR et al. (2018). L-carnitine and Vitamin B Complex for the investigation of Pegasparaginase-induced… [PMID: 29550108]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and Vitamin B Complex for the investigation of Pegasparaginase-induced Hyperbilirubinemia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tas S et al. (2016). L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic… [PMID: 27737347]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic radiotherapy in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Moosavi M et al. (2016). L-carnitine protects rat hepatocytes from oxidative stress induced by T-2 toxin [PMID: 26888052]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine protects rat hepatocytes from oxidative stress induced by T-2 toxin. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Khaksary Mahabady M et al. (2015). L-Carnitine Protect against Cyclophosphamide Induced Skeletal and Neural Tube… [PMID: 26786992]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine Protect against Cyclophosphamide Induced Skeletal and Neural Tube Malformations in Rat Fetuses. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Scioli MG et al. (2015). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 26473356]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Phongnimitr T et al. (2013). Effect of L-carnitine on maturation, cryo-tolerance and embryo developmental… [PMID: 23634716]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine on maturation, cryo-tolerance and embryo developmental competence of bovine oocytes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zhou P et al. (2011). Acetyl-L-carnitine attenuates homocysteine-induced neurodegeneration research… [PMID: 21978079]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine attenuates homocysteine-induced neurodegeneration research models-like histopathological and behavioral abnormalities. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Scafidi S et al. (2010). Neuroprotection by acetyl-L-carnitine after traumatic injury to the immature rat brain [PMID: 21228558]
Laboratory literature summary: Neuroprotection by acetyl-L-carnitine after traumatic injury to the immature rat brain. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Patel SP et al. (2010). Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction following contusion spinal… [PMID: 20438613]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction following contusion spinal cord injury. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Derosa G et al. (2011). Laboratory research record on L-Carnitine [PMID: 20423740]
PubMed laboratory record discussing L-Carnitine in a research context. Review the full methods and limitations on PubMed; research use only.
Mate A et al. (2010). The investigational prospects of using L-carnitine to manage hypertension-related… [PMID: 20363359]
Laboratory literature summary: The investigational prospects of using L-carnitine to manage hypertension-related organ damage. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Soczynska JK et al. (2008). Acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid: possible neurotherapeutic agents for mood… [PMID: 18491985]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid: possible neurotherapeutic agents for mood disorders?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Olszowy Z et al. (2006). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on xenobiotic-metabolizing hepatic enzymes… [PMID: 16616465]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on xenobiotic-metabolizing hepatic enzymes exposed to methanol. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Guideri F et al. (2005). Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on cardiac dysautonomia in Rett syndrome: prevention of… [PMID: 16235010]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on cardiac dysautonomia in Rett syndrome: prevention of sudden death?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sevilla A et al. (2005). Model of central and trimethylammonium metabolism for optimizing L-carnitine… [PMID: 16098782]
Laboratory literature summary: Model of central and trimethylammonium metabolism for optimizing L-carnitine production by E. coli. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Izumi Y et al. (2005). Ammonia-mediated LTP inhibition: effects of NMDA receptor antagonists and L-carnitine [PMID: 15935684]
Laboratory literature summary: Ammonia-mediated LTP inhibition: effects of NMDA receptor antagonists and L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Obón JM et al. (1999). High-density Escherichia coli cultures for continuous L(-)-carnitine production [PMID: 10422223]
Laboratory literature summary: High-density Escherichia coli cultures for continuous L(-)-carnitine production. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Di Lisa F et al. (1994). Contrasting effects of propionate and propionyl-L-carnitine on energy-linked processes… [PMID: 8067396]
Laboratory literature summary: Contrasting effects of propionate and propionyl-L-carnitine on energy-linked processes in ischemic hearts. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mondola P et al. (1992). The effect of L-carnitine on cholesterol metabolism in rat (Rattus bubalus) hepatocyte… [PMID: 1397497]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of L-carnitine on cholesterol metabolism in rat (Rattus bubalus) hepatocyte cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bertelli A et al. (1992). L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 protective action against ischaemia and reperfusion of… [PMID: 1306156]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 protective action against ischaemia and reperfusion of working rat heart. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Tempesta E et al. (1990). Role of acetyl-L-carnitine in the investigation of cognitive deficit in chronic alcoholism [PMID: 2201652]
Laboratory literature summary: Role of acetyl-L-carnitine in the investigation of cognitive deficit in chronic alcoholism. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Levitan MD et al. (1987). Adult onset systemic carnitine deficiency: favorable response to L-carnitine… [PMID: 3815165]
Laboratory literature summary: Adult onset systemic carnitine deficiency: favorable response to L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bird MI et al. (1985). Interacting effects of L-carnitine and malonyl-CoA on rat liver carnitine… [PMID: 4052033]
Laboratory literature summary: Interacting effects of L-carnitine and malonyl-CoA on rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Marconi C et al. (1985). Effects of L-carnitine loading on the aerobic and anaerobic performance of endurance… [PMID: 4043038]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine loading on the aerobic and anaerobic performance of endurance athletes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li W et al. (2024). L-carnitine modified nanoparticles target the OCTN2 transporter to improve the oral… [PMID: 38280469]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine modified nanoparticles target the OCTN2 transporter to improve the oral absorption of jujuboside B. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zakharova N et al. (2023). The observed endpoints of L-carnitine in research subjects with nonalcoholic… [PMID: 37438785]
Laboratory literature summary: The observed endpoints of L-carnitine in research subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and concomitant metabolic research models. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Heidari M et al. (2022). L-carnitine improves quality parameters and epigenetic patterns of buck's… [PMID: 36306715]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine improves quality parameters and epigenetic patterns of buck's frozen-thawed semen. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Salsoso R et al. (2014). Reduced L-carnitine transport in aortic endothelial cells from spontaneously… [PMID: 24587332]
Laboratory literature summary: Reduced L-carnitine transport in aortic endothelial cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Zambrano S et al. (2014). L-carnitine attenuates the development of kidney fibrosis in hypertensive rats by… [PMID: 24413708]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine attenuates the development of kidney fibrosis in hypertensive rats by upregulating PPAR-γ. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ribas GS et al. (2014). L-carnitine supplementation as a potential antioxidant research protocol for inherited… [PMID: 24148561]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine supplementation as a potential antioxidant research protocol for inherited neurometabolic disorders. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Reuter SE et al. (2013). What is the value of L-carnitine level determination for carnitine supplementation in… [PMID: 23360342]
Laboratory literature summary: What is the value of L-carnitine level determination for carnitine supplementation in hemodialysis research subjects?. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Federighi G et al. (2013). Differentially expressed genes in Hirudo medicinalis ganglia after acetyl-L-carnitine… [PMID: 23308261]
Laboratory literature summary: Differentially expressed genes in Hirudo medicinalis ganglia after acetyl-L-carnitine investigation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kimmoun A et al. (2011). Unexpected awakening from comatose thyroid storm after a single intravenous… [PMID: 21739342]
Laboratory literature summary: Unexpected awakening from comatose thyroid storm after a single intravenous parenteral-route administration of L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Muneer PMA et al. (2011). Methamphetamine inhibits the glucose uptake by research subjects neurons and… [PMID: 21556365]
Laboratory literature summary: Methamphetamine inhibits the glucose uptake by research subjects neurons and astrocytes: stabilization by acetyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Siegner R et al. (2010). Lotus leaf extract and L-carnitine influence different processes during the adipocyte… [PMID: 20687953]
Laboratory literature summary: Lotus leaf extract and L-carnitine influence different processes during the adipocyte life cycle. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Sabry AA (2010). The role of oral L-carnitine research protocol in chronic hemodialysis research subjects [PMID: 20427868]
Laboratory literature summary: The role of oral L-carnitine research protocol in chronic hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Xie H et al. (2008). L-carnitine protects against apoptosis of murine MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells [PMID: 17906977]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine protects against apoptosis of murine MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
de Sotomayor MA et al. (2007). L-carnitine and its propionate: improvement of endothelial function in SHR through… [PMID: 17654045]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine and its propionate: improvement of endothelial function in SHR through superoxide dismutase-dependent mechanisms. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Barhwal K et al. (2007). Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates hypobaric hypoxic impairment and spatial memory… [PMID: 17610872]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates hypobaric hypoxic impairment and spatial memory deficits in rats. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
García-Miranda P et al. (2005). Developmental maturation and segmental distribution of rat small intestinal… [PMID: 16440177]
Laboratory literature summary: Developmental maturation and segmental distribution of rat small intestinal L-carnitine uptake. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hiatt WR et al. (2001). Propionyl-L-carnitine improves exercise performance and functional status in research… [PMID: 11382369]
Laboratory literature summary: Propionyl-L-carnitine improves exercise performance and functional status in research subjects with claudication. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kawabata M et al. (2001). Erythropoietin-resistant refractory renal anemia: effects of oral L-carnitine… [PMID: 11316253]
Laboratory literature summary: Erythropoietin-resistant refractory renal anemia: effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Iliceto S (1998). [investigational action of L-carnitine in myocardial ischemia and left ventricular… [PMID: 9522640]
Laboratory literature summary: [investigational action of L-carnitine in myocardial ischemia and left ventricular remodeling: laboratory data]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Bykov IL et al. (1997). [Effect of l-carnitine on the expression of glycine conjugates in rats in experimental… [PMID: 9541994]
Laboratory literature summary: [Effect of l-carnitine on the expression of glycine conjugates in rats in experimental B2-hypovitaminosis]. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Li P et al. (1995). Myocyte performance during evolution of myocardial infarction in rats: effects of… [PMID: 7733374]
Laboratory literature summary: Myocyte performance during evolution of myocardial infarction in rats: effects of propionyl-L-carnitine. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Ashizawa K et al. (1994). Inhibition of flagellar motility of fowl spermatozoa by L-carnitine: its relationship… [PMID: 7917283]
Laboratory literature summary: Inhibition of flagellar motility of fowl spermatozoa by L-carnitine: its relationship with respiration and phosphorylation of axonemal…. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Kobayashi A et al. (1992). L-carnitine investigation for congestive heart failure–experimental and laboratory study [PMID: 1538579]
Laboratory literature summary: L-carnitine investigation for congestive heart failure–experimental and laboratory study. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Guarnieri G et al. (1992). Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in the dialysate on serum lipoprotein… [PMID: 1493732]
Laboratory literature summary: Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in the dialysate on serum lipoprotein composition of hemodialysis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Drăgan GI et al. (1987). Studies concerning chronic and acute effects of L-carnitine on some biological… [PMID: 3110804]
Laboratory literature summary: Studies concerning chronic and acute effects of L-carnitine on some biological parameters in elite athletes. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Hall RI (1984). Effect of supplemental L-Carnitine on lipid utilization and nitrogen retention in… [PMID: 6436535]
Laboratory literature summary: Effect of supplemental L-Carnitine on lipid utilization and nitrogen retention in parenterally fed piglets. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Novak M et al. (1983). The effect of a L-carnitine supplemented soybean formula on the plasma lipids of infants [PMID: 6587687]
Laboratory literature summary: The effect of a L-carnitine supplemented soybean formula on the plasma lipids of infants. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
HOSEIN EA et al. (1964). SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACETYL-L-CARNITINE ISOLATED FROM… [PMID: 14334599]
Laboratory literature summary: SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACETYL-L-CARNITINE ISOLATED FROM BRAIN TISSUE EXTRACTS. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Al-Shammari AH et al. (2023). Assessing the impacts of L-carnitine and modafinil on fatigue in Iraqi multiple… [PMID: 37692018]
Laboratory literature summary: Assessing the impacts of L-carnitine and modafinil on fatigue in Iraqi multiple sclerosis research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Khedr NF et al. (2022). L-carnitine modulates autophagy, oxidative stress and inflammation in trazodone… [PMID: 34637798]
Laboratory literature summary: l-carnitine modulates autophagy, oxidative stress and inflammation in trazodone induced testicular toxicity. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Puskarich MA et al. (2021). Pharmacometabolomics identifies candidate predictor metabolites of an L-carnitine… [PMID: 34216108]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacometabolomics identifies candidate predictor metabolites of an L-carnitine investigation mortality benefit in septic shock. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Walters JL et al. (2020). Acetyl-l-carnitine does not prevent neurodegeneration in a rodent model of prolonged… [PMID: 32376384]
Laboratory literature summary: Acetyl-l-carnitine does not prevent neurodegeneration in a rodent model of prolonged neonatal anesthesia. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Lowe JL et al. (2017). Cryotolerance of porcine blastocysts is improved by investigating in vitro matured… [PMID: 28302936]
Laboratory literature summary: Cryotolerance of porcine blastocysts is improved by investigating in vitro matured oocytes with L-carnitine prior to fertilization. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Goodison G et al. (2017). Mania associated with self-prescribed acetyl-l-carnitine in a man with bipolar I disorder [PMID: 27406927]
Laboratory literature summary: Mania associated with self-prescribed acetyl-l-carnitine in a man with bipolar I disorder. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Baek SM et al. (2015). Pharmacokinetic comparisons of two acetyl-L-carnitine formulations in healthy Korean… [PMID: 26396135]
Laboratory literature summary: Pharmacokinetic comparisons of two acetyl-L-carnitine formulations in healthy Korean research subjects. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only
Mo J et al. (2014). L-Carnitine ester of prednisolone: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of a… [PMID: 25173636]
Laboratory literature summary: L-Carnitine ester of prednisolone: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of a type I prodrug. Consult the PubMed record for methods, models, and limitations. Presented for research literature review only

Browse the full PubMed index: PubMed search.

Additional information

Weight	.125 lbs
Dimensions	9 × 7 × .5 in
Size: No selection	2 mg, 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, 1200 mg

Keep lyophilized peptides sealed in their original vial, protected from light and humidity, and store at -4°F or colder for optimal long-term stability in research settings; short-term refrigeration at around 39°F suffices for immediate use within weeks, though freezer storage maximizes integrity across extended research timelines.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is L-Carnitine Peptide?

L-Carnitine Peptide is supplied as a research-grade catalog material for controlled laboratory investigation only.

What is L-Carnitine Peptide used for?

This product is intended for research purposes only and is not approved for human or clinical use.

What form does L-Carnitine Peptide come in?

Most catalog items in this range are supplied as lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder unless otherwise stated on the product page.

How should L-Carnitine Peptide be stored?

Store according to the product label and your institutional SOPs, typically in a cool, dry place. Refrigeration or freezer storage may be required depending on the material.

Is this product safe for human use?

No. This product is strictly labeled for research use only and is not for human use.

Do I need a prescription to purchase this product?

Because it is sold as a research chemical, a prescription is not required. Use is restricted to laboratory research.

How is the product shipped?

Shipping methods and transit times vary. Products are packed for secure transit. For more info, visit: https://www.nationwidepeptides.com/shipping-and-payments/

Is there a return or refund policy?

Policies cover damaged or faulty shipments; returns are limited due to the nature of research materials. For more info, visit: https://www.nationwidepeptides.com/return-policy/

How do I verify product quality?

Quality documentation may include third-party testing or certificates of analysis (COA) where provided. For more info, visit: https://www.nationwidepeptides.com/coa/

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Frequently Asked Questions

SKU: l-carnitine Category: All Peptides Tags: Acetyl L-Carnitine, Carnitine, Carnitor, L Carnitine, L-Carnitina, Lev Carnitine, Levocarnitine Brand: Nationwide Peptides

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L-Carnitine Peptide

Overview

Research Context for L-Carnitine Peptide

Documented Attributes